Medicines for the Treatment Of COVID-19: Awaiting the Evidence

Acta Med Port. 2020 Jul 1;33(7-8):500-504. doi: 10.20344/amp.13908. Epub 2020 May 4.

Abstract

The novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 is the cause of Coronavirus Disease 2019, a new illness with no effective treatment or vaccine that has reached pandemic proportions. In this document, we analyze how health authorities and agencies around the world position themselves regarding the off-label use of repurposed drugs or new investigational drugs to treat Coronavirus Disease 2019. We review the most promising candidate medicines, including available evidence, clinical recommendations and current options for access. Our concluding remarks stress the importance of administering off-label and investigational drugs in the setting of clinical trials, or at least in standardized scenarios, to generate as much scientific knowledge as achievable while engaging in the best efforts to treat patients and save lives.

O novo severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavírus 2 é a causa da doença por coronavírus 2019, uma doença emergente, sem tratamento eficaz nem vacina, que alcançou proporções de pandemia. Neste documento, analisamos a forma como as autoridades e agências de saúde em todo o Mundo se posicionam em relação ao uso de fármacos off-label ou novos produtos de investigação para o tratamento da doença por coronavírus 2019. Revemos os fármacos mais promissores, incluindo a evidência disponível, as recomendações clínicas e as atuais opções de acesso a estes medicamentos. Concluímos enfatizando a importância de administrar fármacos em uso off-label e produtos de investigação em contexto de ensaios clínicos, ou pelo menos em circunstâncias padronizadas, para que se gere o máximo possível de conhecimento científico a mesmo tempo que se concentram esforços em tratar doentes e salvar vidas.

Keywords: COVID-19/drug therapy; Coronavirus; Coronavirus Infections/drug therapy.

Publication types

  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Adenosine Monophosphate / analogs & derivatives
  • Adenosine Monophosphate / therapeutic use
  • Alanine / analogs & derivatives
  • Alanine / therapeutic use
  • Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized / therapeutic use
  • Antiviral Agents / therapeutic use*
  • Betacoronavirus*
  • COVID-19
  • Chloroquine / therapeutic use
  • Coronavirus Infections / drug therapy*
  • Coronavirus Infections / epidemiology
  • Drug Combinations
  • Drugs, Investigational / therapeutic use*
  • Global Health
  • Humans
  • Hydroxychloroquine / therapeutic use
  • Lopinavir / therapeutic use
  • Off-Label Use*
  • Pandemics
  • Pneumonia, Viral / drug therapy*
  • Pneumonia, Viral / epidemiology
  • Ritonavir / therapeutic use
  • SARS-CoV-2

Substances

  • Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized
  • Antiviral Agents
  • Drug Combinations
  • Drugs, Investigational
  • lopinavir-ritonavir drug combination
  • Lopinavir
  • remdesivir
  • Adenosine Monophosphate
  • Hydroxychloroquine
  • Chloroquine
  • tocilizumab
  • Ritonavir
  • Alanine