Visual texture agnosia influences object identification in dementia with Lewy bodies and Alzheimer's disease

Yuka Oishi; Toru Imamura; Tatsuo Shimomura; Kyoko Suzuki

doi:10.1016/j.cortex.2020.04.008

Visual texture agnosia influences object identification in dementia with Lewy bodies and Alzheimer's disease

Cortex. 2020 Aug:129:23-32. doi: 10.1016/j.cortex.2020.04.008. Epub 2020 Apr 25.

Authors

Yuka Oishi¹, Toru Imamura², Tatsuo Shimomura³, Kyoko Suzuki⁴

Affiliations

¹ Department of Speech, Language, and Hearing Sciences, Niigata University of Health and Welfare, Niigata 950-3198, Japan; Department of Neurology, Niigata Rehabilitation Hospital, Niigata 950-3304, Japan. Electronic address: oishi@nuhw.ac.jp.
² Department of Speech, Language, and Hearing Sciences, Niigata University of Health and Welfare, Niigata 950-3198, Japan; Department of Neurology, Niigata Rehabilitation Hospital, Niigata 950-3304, Japan.
³ Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Akita Prefectural Center for Rehabilitation and Psychiatric Medicine, Daisen 019-2492, Japan.
⁴ Department of Behavioral Neurology and Cognitive Neuroscience, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai 980-8575, Japan.

PMID: 32422422
DOI: 10.1016/j.cortex.2020.04.008

Abstract

Background: Numerous studies have shown visuoperceptual/visuospatial deficits in dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) and Alzheimer's disease (AD). Visual texture recognition is also impaired in patients with DLB and AD. Although patients with DLB often exhibit visual misidentifications of objects, there are few studies on the relationships between visual texture recognition and viewpoints for object recognition.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to clarify how viewpoints, textures, and visual cognitive functions affect object recognition and result in visual misidentifications in patients with DLB or AD.

Methods: A total of 37 patients with probable DLB and 58 with probable AD and 32 age-matched healthy controls underwent neuropsychological and visuoperceptual assessments, and performed object identification tasks under four conditions (non-canonical view + blurry texture, non-canonical view + clear texture, canonical view + blurry texture, canonical view + clear texture). The relationship between object identification and other visuoperceptual functions was analyzed.

Results: Patients with DLB and AD exhibited significantly impaired object recognition under non-canonical viewing with blurry texture conditions, with the DLB patients exhibiting a significantly worse performance than the AD patients. Patients with DLB and AD exhibited visual misidentifications during object identification tasks under non-canonical viewing. In patients with DLB, the number of visual misidentifications was significantly correlated with the scores of visual texture recognition.

Conclusions: The present study showed that significantly impaired object recognition in patients with DLB under the influences by both viewpoint and visual texture and in those with AD under the influence by viewpoint. Visual misidentification in object recognition could be associated with impaired visual texture recognition in DLB.

Keywords: Alzheimer's disease; Dementia with Lewy bodies; Object recognition; Visual misidentification; Visual texture agnosia.

Publication types

Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

Agnosia*
Alzheimer Disease* / complications
Humans
Lewy Body Disease* / complications
Neuropsychological Tests
Visual Perception