Influence of BMI and geographical region on prescription of oral anticoagulants in newly diagnosed atrial fibrillation: The GLORIA-AF Registry Program

Abstract

Objective: To investigate the association between body mass index (BMI) and oral anticoagulant (OAC) prescription in atrial fibrillation (AF).

Methods: Patients with newly diagnosed non-valvular AF (<3 months) with ≥1 stroke risk factors enrolled in the Global Registry on Long-Term Oral Antithrombotic Treatment in Patients with Atrial Fibrillation (GLORIA-AF) in Asia, Europe and North America were evaluated.

Results: The cohort (n = 13,793) comprised patients from all BMI categories (kg/m²): 1.4% were underweight (<18.5), 27.3% had a normal BMI (18.5 to <25), 37.9% were overweight (25 to <30), 19.3% were moderately obese (30 to <35), and 12.7% were morbidly obese (≥35). The highest proportion of Asians had a BMI of 18.5 to <25 kg/m², while the highest proportion of patients from Europe and North America were overweight and a substantial proportion of North Americans morbidly obese. In the multivariable analysis, the probability ratio of non-prescription of OAC, as compared to normal BMI, decreased for overweight (RR = 0.907), moderately obese (RR = 0.802) and severe very severe obese patients (RR = 0.659). Moreover, the probability ratio of non-prescription of OACs was increased in the Asia or North America regions, as compared with Europe, in patients aged <65 years or female patients, as well as in patients with prior bleeding or vascular disease.

Conclusions: The distribution of BMI differed among the continents. An increased BMI was associated with a lower probability of non-prescription of OACs, as compared with a normal BMI. The probability of non-prescription of OACs was increased in the Asia or North America regions, as compared with Europe.

Keywords: Anticoagulants; Atrial fibrillation; Body mass index; Obesity; Overweight; Underweight.