The Role of Cyclooxygenase-2 in Colorectal Cancer

Int J Med Sci. 2020 Apr 27;17(8):1095-1101. doi: 10.7150/ijms.44439. eCollection 2020.

Abstract

Colorectal cancer is the third common cancer in this world, accounting for more than 1 million cases each year. However, detailed etiology and mechanism of colorectal cancer have not been fully understood. For example, cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and its product prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) have been closely linked to its occurrence, progression and prognosis. However, the mechanisms on how COX-2 and PGE2-mediate the pathogenesis of colorectal cancer are obscure. In this review, we have summarized recent advances in studies of pathogenesis and control in colorectal cancer to assist further advances in the research for the cure of the cancer. In addition, the knowledge gained may also guide the audiences for reduction of the risk and control of this deadly disease.

Keywords: cancer; colon; cyclooxygenase-2; invasion; prostaglandin.

Publication types

  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Biopsy
  • Cancer-Associated Fibroblasts / drug effects
  • Cancer-Associated Fibroblasts / pathology
  • Carcinogenesis / pathology*
  • Colon / cytology
  • Colon / pathology
  • Colorectal Neoplasms / drug therapy
  • Colorectal Neoplasms / epidemiology
  • Colorectal Neoplasms / pathology*
  • Cyclooxygenase 2 / metabolism*
  • Cyclooxygenase 2 Inhibitors / pharmacology*
  • Cyclooxygenase 2 Inhibitors / therapeutic use
  • Dinoprostone / metabolism*
  • Disease Models, Animal
  • Disease Progression
  • Humans
  • Intestinal Mucosa / cytology
  • Intestinal Mucosa / pathology
  • Neoplasm Invasiveness / pathology
  • Neoplasm Invasiveness / prevention & control
  • Prognosis
  • Rectum / cytology
  • Rectum / pathology
  • Signal Transduction / drug effects
  • Tumor Microenvironment / drug effects

Substances

  • Cyclooxygenase 2 Inhibitors
  • Cyclooxygenase 2
  • Dinoprostone