[Relationship between parental stress and psychological distress and emotional and behavioural problems in pre-school children with autistic spectrum disorder]

Abstract

Introduction: The Autistic Spectrum Disorders (ASD) are characterised by general deficits in social communication, stereotypes, and restricted interests. The ASD have a high prevalence of additional psychiatric disorders that make their daily functioning worse, and reduces the quality of life of them and their families.

Material and methods: In an effort to identify family environmental characteristics that may influence in the course of additional psychiatric disorders, this study has focused on the symptoms of parental stress and psychological distress as possible risk factors. A cross-section study was carried out on the relationship between the stress and psychological distress of the parents and its relationship with co-existing psychopathology in a population of pre-school children with ASD (2-6 years).

Results and conclusions: High levels of stress and psychological distress of the parents arealready associated, since early childhood, with co-existing psychiatric symptoms, specifically with emotional and behavioural problems (p < 0.05). However, further longitudinal studies are needed for a better understanding of the causal relationship between these variables and their possible bidirectional relationship.

Keywords: Ansiedad; Anxiety; Autistic spectrum disorder; Behavioral problems; Comorbidities; Comorbilidades; Emotional problems; Malestar psicológico; Parentalidad; Parenthood; Problemas conductuales; Problemas emocionales; Psychological unease; Trastorno del espectro autista.