We report a rare case of a malignant solitary fibrous tumor of the pleura(SFTP). The patient was a 66-year-old man, who had an asymptomatic 25 mm nodule in the left upper lung field. We performed a wedge resection of the left lung by video-assisted thoracic surgery, and the tumor was diagnosed as a malignant SFTP. Although the recurrence has not been found for 26 months, long-term clinical follow-up is thought to be necessary because of the potential adverse biological behavior of this tumor.