Korean Red Ginseng enhances cardiac hemodynamics on doxorubicin-induced toxicity in rats

Young-Jin Jang; Dongbin Lee; Mohammad Amjad Hossain; Adithan Aravinthan; Chang-Won Kang; Nam Soo Kim; Jong-Hoon Kim

doi:10.1016/j.jgr.2019.03.002

Korean Red Ginseng enhances cardiac hemodynamics on doxorubicin-induced toxicity in rats

J Ginseng Res. 2020 May;44(3):483-489. doi: 10.1016/j.jgr.2019.03.002. Epub 2019 Mar 14.

Authors

Young-Jin Jang¹, Dongbin Lee², Mohammad Amjad Hossain¹, Adithan Aravinthan¹, Chang-Won Kang¹, Nam Soo Kim¹, Jong-Hoon Kim¹

Affiliations

¹ College of Veterinary Medicine, Biosafety Research Institute, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan-city, Republic of Korea.
² College of Veterinary Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea.

Abstract

Background: Korean Red Ginseng (KRG) has been known to possess many ginsenosides. These ginsenosides are used for curing cardiovascular problems. The present study show the protective potential of KRG against doxorubicin (DOX)-induced myocardial dysfunction, by assessing electrocardiographic, hemodynamic, and biochemical parameters and histopathological findings.

Methods: Animals were fed a standard chow and adjusted to their environment for 3 days before the experiments. Next, the rats were equally divided into five groups (n = 9, each group). The animals were administered with KRG (250 and 500 mg/kg) for 10 days and injected with DOX (20 mg/kg, subcutaneously, twice at a 24-h interval) on the 8th and 9th day. Electrocardiography and echocardiography were performed to study hemodynamics. Plasma levels of superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, and malondialdehyde were measured. In addition, the dose of troponin I and activity of myeloperoxidase in serum and cardiac tissue were analyzed, and the histopathological findings were evaluated using light microscopy.

Results: Administration of KRG at a dose of 250 and 500 mg/kg recovered electrocardiographic changes, ejection fraction, fractional shortening, left ventricular systolic pressure, the maximal rate of change in left ventricle contraction (+dP/dt_max), and left ventricle relaxation (-dP/dt_max). In addition, KRG treatment significantly normalized the oxidative stress markers in plasma, dose dependently. In addition, the values of troponin I and myeloperoxidase were ameliorated by KRG treatment, dose dependently. And, KRG treatment showed better histopathological findings when compared with the DOX control group.

Conclusion: These mean that KRG mitigates myocardial damage by modulating the hemodynamics, histopathological abnormality, and oxidative stress related to DOX-induced cardiomyopathy in rats. The results of the present study show protective effects of KRG on cardiac toxicity.

Keywords: Antioxidant; Cardioprotection; Doxorubicin; Hemodynamics; Korean Red Ginseng.