In vitro effects of cobalt nanoparticles on aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase activities of wistar rats

Akhtar Rasool; Muhammad Zulfajri; Arif Gulzar; Marlia Mohd Hanafiah; Syeda Azeem Unnisa; Mohammed Mahboob

doi:10.1016/j.btre.2020.e00453

In vitro effects of cobalt nanoparticles on aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase activities of wistar rats

Biotechnol Rep (Amst). 2020 Apr 20:26:e00453. doi: 10.1016/j.btre.2020.e00453. eCollection 2020 Jun.

Authors

Akhtar Rasool^{1

2}, Muhammad Zulfajri³, Arif Gulzar⁴, Marlia Mohd Hanafiah^{5

6}, Syeda Azeem Unnisa², Mohammed Mahboob¹

Affiliations

¹ Toxicology Unit, Applied Biology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad, 500007, Telangana India.
² Department of Environmental Sciences, UCS, Osmania University, Hyderabad, 500007, Telangana, India.
³ Department of Chemistry Education, Universitas Serambi Mekkah, Banda Aceh 23245, Aceh, Indonesia.
⁴ Key Laboratory of Material Science and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Engineering University, Heilongjiang 150001, Harbin, China.
⁵ Department of Earth Sciences and Environment, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, UKM Bangi 43600, Selangor, Malaysia.
⁶ Centre for Tropical Climate Change System, Institute of Climate Change, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, UKM Bangi 43600, Selangor, Malaysia.

Abstract

Cobalt nanoparticles (Co-NPs) have been extensively used in clinical practices and medical diagnosis. In this study, the potential toxicity effects of Co-NPs with special emphasis over the biochemical enzyme activities, such as aspartate aminotransferase (ASAT) and alanine aminotransferase (ALAT) in serum, liver, and kidney of Wistar rats were investigated. This toxicity measurement of nanomaterials can support the toxicological data. The biochemical enzymatic variations are powerful tools for the assessment of toxicity. ASAT and ALAT enzymes have been widely used to predict tissue-specific toxicities associated with xenobiotic. The biochemical changes induced by Co-NPs have significance in their toxicological studies because the alterations in biochemical parameters before clinical symptoms indicate either their toxicant safety or detrimental effect. Herein, Co-NPs with particle size <50 nm significantly activated ASAT and ALAT enzymes in the serum, liver, and kidney of rats at concentration-dependent order.

Keywords: ALAT; ASAT; Biochemical; Cobalt nanoparticles; Enzyme; Kidney; Liver; Toxicity; Wistar rats; serum.