Novel Indole-Based Hydrazones as Potent Inhibitors of the α-class Carbonic Anhydrase from Pathogenic Bacterium Vibrio cholerae

Int J Mol Sci. 2020 Apr 29;21(9):3131. doi: 10.3390/ijms21093131.

Abstract

Due to the increasing resistance of currently used antimicrobial drugs, there is an urgent problem for the treatment of cholera disease, selective inhibition of the α-class carbonic anhydrases (CA, EC 4.2.1.1) from the pathogenic bacterium Vibrio cholerae (VcCA) presents an alternative therapeutic target. In this study, a series of hydrazone derivatives, carrying the 2-(hydrazinocarbonyl)-3-phenyl-1H-indole-5-sulfonamide scaffold, have been evaluated as inhibitors of the VcCA with molecular modeling studies. The results suggest that these compounds may bind to the active site of VcCA. To verify this, VcCA enzyme inhibition studies were performed and as predicted most of the tested compounds displayed potent inhibitory activities against VcCA with three compounds showing KI values lower than 30 nM. In addition, all these compounds showed selectivity for VcCA and the off-targets hCA I and II.

Keywords: Vibrio cholerae; carbonic anhydrase; enzyme inhibition; hydrazones; indole; molecular modeling; sulfonamides.

MeSH terms

  • Amino Acid Sequence
  • Binding Sites
  • Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors / chemistry*
  • Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors / pharmacology*
  • Enzyme Activation
  • Hydrazones / chemistry*
  • Indoles / chemistry*
  • Molecular Conformation
  • Molecular Docking Simulation
  • Molecular Dynamics Simulation
  • Molecular Structure
  • Protein Binding
  • Structure-Activity Relationship
  • Vibrio cholerae / drug effects
  • Vibrio cholerae / enzymology*

Substances

  • Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors
  • Hydrazones
  • Indoles
  • indole