Aims: This systematic review aimed to identify school-based interventions for ensuring mental health and well-being of adolescents, synthesize existing interventions, and summarize the quality of identified studies.
Design: A systematic review, analysis, and synthesis were performed.
Data sources: Search was performed in Cochrane Library, PsychARTICLES, Web of Science, CINAHL, and Medline.
Review methods: Literature search was performed in March 2019 using inclusion and exclusion criteria. PRISMA guidelines were followed. Identified records were reviewed by title, abstract, and by the full text by two independent researchers. Three authors independently made a quality assessment of the included studies. Included studies were extracted and synthesized. A systematic review was registered in PROSPERO (CRD42019128919).
Results: The initial search yielded 1,199 articles. Of them, 57 articles were included in the final analysis and synthesis. Only four studies were assessed as high quality. Identified themes were mental health and well-being, positive psychology, problem-solving and stress reduction, mindfulness, and physical activity. More than half (N = 32, 56.14%) interventions showed a positive outcome after implementation. Most of those interventions focused on positive psychology and mindfulness.
Conclusion: Mental well-being is important for the healthy development of adolescents. Countries are aware that healthy adolescents will become healthy adults who will contribute to his/her community and will lower costs of the absence of work and treatments. Thus, they support and invest in interventions that prevent mental disorders. There is a need for developing multidimensional mental well-being interventions that are effective in low- and secondary-income countries.
Impact: This study ensured rigorous methodology, followed PRISMA recommendations and evaluated quality of identified literature using the GRADE guidelines. A critical synthesis was performed to produce an integrated conceptualization of the evidence. The synthesis represents a list of effective school interventions for the promotion of adolescents' mental well-being.
目的: 本项系统评估旨在确定基于学校的干预措施,以确保青少年的心理健康,并且综合现有的干预措施,总结已确定研究的质量。 设计: 开展了系统评估、分析和汇总综合。 数据来源: 通过Cochrane图书馆,PsychARTICLES,科学引文索引数据库,CINAHL和Medline进行检索。 评估方法: 文献检索于2019年3月使用纳入和排除标准进行,且遵照PRISMA指南。由两名独立研究人员通过标题、摘要和全文对已识别的记录进行了评估。三位作者独立地对纳入研究进行了质量评估。之后对纳入研究进行提取和汇总。本项系统评估已在PROSPERO(CRD42019128919)注册。 结果: 初步检索得到1,199篇文章。其中有57篇文章被纳入最终分析和汇总综合。只有四项研究经评定具有高质量。所确定的主题包括心理健康和幸福感、积极心理学、解决问题和减轻压力、正念和体育活动。一半以上(N=32,56.14%)的干预措施在实施后表现出积极的效果。此类干预措施主要侧重于积极心理学和正念。 结论: 心理健康对青少年的健康发展具有重要意义。各国均意识到,健康的青少年将发展成为健康的成年人,为其所在社区作贡献,并将降低工作请假和治疗的成本。因此,他们大力支持预防心理疾病的干预措施,并加大对其投资。低收入和中等收入国家须制定有效的多层面心理健康干预措施。 影响: 本项研究采用严谨的方法,遵照PRISMA的建议,并使用GRADE指南对确定文献的质量进行评估。还开展了关键性的综合汇总,以形成综合的证据概念。综合汇总还列出了一系列促进青少年心理健康的有效学校干预措施。.
Keywords: adolescents; disease prevention; education; health promotion; interventions; mental health; mental well-being; nursing; school; systematic review.
© 2020 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.