Evaluation of Cell-Penetrating Peptides Using Microfluidic In Vitro 3D Brain Endothelial Barrier

Abstract

In drug delivery to the human brain, blood vessels are a significant hurdle because they restrict the entry of most solutes to protect brain. To overcome this hurdle, an in vitro 3D model for brain endothelial barrier is developed using a microfluidic device with hydrogel providing a 3D extracellular matrix scaffold. Using the model, peptides known to utilize receptor-mediated transcytosis are verified, which has been one of the most promising mechanisms for brain-specific penetration. The cytotoxicity and cellular damage to the peptide are investigated and the receptor-mediated transcytosis and brain endothelial specific penetrating abilities of the peptides in a quantitative manner are demonstrated. As a preclinical test, applying the quantification assays conducted in this study are suggested, including the penetrating ability, cytotoxicity, endothelial damage, and receptor specificity. Using this microfluidic device as an in vitro platform for evaluating various brain targeting drugs and drug carrier candidates is also proposed.

Keywords: blood brain barrier; cell-penetrating peptide; receptor mediated transcytosis.