SOX9-activated PXN-AS1 promotes the tumorigenesis of glioblastoma by EZH2-mediated methylation of DKK1

J Cell Mol Med. 2020 Jun;24(11):6070-6082. doi: 10.1111/jcmm.15189. Epub 2020 Apr 23.

Abstract

Increasing evidence has validated the essential regulation of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in the biological process of tumours. LncRNA PXN-AS1 has been discovered to be as a tumour suppressor in pancreatic cancer; however, its function and mechanism remain greatly unknown in glioblastoma (GBM). Our present study indicated that PXN-AS1 was highly expressed in GBM tissues and cells. Besides, the knock-down of PXN-AS1 was closely associated with the inhibitory proliferation and inducing apoptosis of GBM cells. PXN-AS1 inhibition was also found to restrain GBM tumour growth. Importantly, SOX9 functioned as a transcription factor and activated PXN-AS1 expression, and overexpressed PXN-AS1 rescued the inhibitory role of down-regulated SOX9 in GBM cell growth. Subsequently, it was discovered that PXN-AS1 activated Wnt/β-catenin pathway. DKK1 was widely known as an inhibitor gene of Wnt/β-catenin pathway, and its expression was negatively associated with PXN-AS1 and SOX9. Interestingly, we found that PXN-AS1 could recruit EZH2 to mediate the H3K27me3 level of DKK1 promoter. Restoration experiments manifested that DKK1 knock-down counteracted PXN-AS1 depletion-mediated repression in GBM cell growth. All facts pointed out that PXN-AS1 might be of importance in exploring the therapeutic strategies of GBM.

Keywords: DKK1; EZH2; PXN-AS1; WNT pathway; glioblastoma.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Apoptosis / genetics
  • Base Sequence
  • Brain Neoplasms / genetics*
  • Brain Neoplasms / pathology
  • Carcinogenesis / genetics*
  • Carcinogenesis / pathology
  • Cell Line, Tumor
  • Cell Proliferation / genetics
  • Disease Progression
  • Enhancer of Zeste Homolog 2 Protein / metabolism*
  • Epigenesis, Genetic
  • Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic
  • Gene Silencing
  • Glioblastoma / genetics*
  • Glioblastoma / pathology
  • Humans
  • Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins / metabolism*
  • Male
  • Methylation
  • Mice, Inbred BALB C
  • Promoter Regions, Genetic / genetics
  • RNA, Long Noncoding / genetics
  • RNA, Long Noncoding / metabolism*
  • SOX9 Transcription Factor / metabolism*
  • Wnt Signaling Pathway / genetics

Substances

  • DKK1 protein, human
  • Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins
  • PXN-AS1 non-coding RNA, human
  • RNA, Long Noncoding
  • SOX9 Transcription Factor
  • Enhancer of Zeste Homolog 2 Protein