Objective: Social behavior (e.g., loneliness, isolation) has been indicated as an important risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Recent studies show that Type D personality might be an important predictor of social behavior. Hence, the current exploratory study aims to examine, using ecological assessment, whether Type D personality is associated with a lower likelihood to engage in social encounters in patients with cardiovascular disease.
Method: Cardiac patients who participated in the Do CHANGE (Phase 2) trial were included in current analysis. As part of the Do CHANGE intervention, real-life data were collected in the intervention group using the MOVES app, which was installed on patients' mobile phones. For a period of 6 months, Global Positioning System (GPS) data from the participating patients were collected. From the GPS data, 3 target variables were computed: (a) general activity level, (b) social variety, and (c) social opportunity.
Results: A total of 70 patients were included in the analysis. Patients with a Type D personality had lower scores on the "social opportunity" variable compared to non-Type D patients (F = 6.72; p = .01). Type D personality was associated with lower social participation after adjusting for depression and anxiety. No association between Type D personality and general activity or behavioral variety was observed.
Conclusions: This is the first study to use an ecological measure to assess social behavior of cardiac patients with a Type D personality. Results show that Type D personality might be associated with lower social engagement, which could, in turn, partly explain its association with adverse health outcomes. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2020 APA, all rights reserved).
Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03178305.