The Biology of the HIV-1 Latent Reservoir and Implications for Cure Strategies

Cell Host Microbe. 2020 Apr 8;27(4):519-530. doi: 10.1016/j.chom.2020.03.014.

Abstract

Antiretroviral therapy (ART) inhibits HIV replication but is not curative. During ART, the integrated HIV genome persists indefinitely within CD4+ T cells and perhaps other cells. Here, we describe the mechanisms thought to contribute to its persistence during treatment and highlight findings from numerous recent studies describing the importance of cell proliferation in that process. Continued progress elucidating the biology will enhance our ability to develop effective curative interventions.

Publication types

  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome / drug therapy
  • Age Factors
  • Animals
  • Anti-Retroviral Agents / pharmacology
  • Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active / trends
  • B-Lymphocytes / virology
  • Biomarkers
  • CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes / virology
  • Coinfection
  • HIV Infections* / drug therapy
  • HIV Infections* / virology
  • HIV-1* / drug effects
  • HIV-1* / growth & development
  • HIV-1* / metabolism
  • Host Microbial Interactions
  • Humans
  • Sex Factors
  • Viral Load
  • Virus Latency* / drug effects
  • Virus Latency* / physiology
  • Virus Replication

Substances

  • Anti-Retroviral Agents
  • Biomarkers