Chitosan films containing mesoporous SBA-15 supported silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) were prepared to be applied as a potential wound dressing material. First SBA-15-silver nanoparticle (SBA-15-Ag) composite materials were prepared by a controlled annealing process without the use of organic solvents and reagents. The SBA-15-AgNPs were characterized in detail by X-ray powder diffraction, field emission scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy which evidenced the presence of uniformly distributed silver nanostructures inside the silicate pores. UV-vis spectra of the sample showed a band at 430 nm characteristic of the surface plasmon resonance of silver nanoparticles with a diameter below 10 nm and X-ray photoemission spectra confirmed the formation of metal-nanoparticles on the silicate template. Then SBA-15-Ag was used to prepare chitosan films which were characterized in detail. In particular, they showed good hydration properties, water vapor transmission rate and mechanical properties. After hydration films exhibited good antimicrobial activity against both Gram-negative (Pseudomonas aeruginosa) and Gram-positive (Staphylococcus epidermidis and S. aureus) bacteria.