Relationship between Higher Atherogenic Index of Plasma and Oxidative Stress of a Group of Patients Living with Sickle Cell Anemia in Cameroon

Landry Nguepnkep Kubong; Prosper Cabral Nya Biapa; Bernard Chetcha; Nicolas Yanou-Njintang; Vicky Jocelyne Moor Ama; Constant Anatole Pieme

doi:10.1155/2020/9864371

Relationship between Higher Atherogenic Index of Plasma and Oxidative Stress of a Group of Patients Living with Sickle Cell Anemia in Cameroon

Adv Hematol. 2020 Mar 17:2020:9864371. doi: 10.1155/2020/9864371. eCollection 2020.

Authors

Landry Nguepnkep Kubong¹, Prosper Cabral Nya Biapa², Bernard Chetcha³, Nicolas Yanou-Njintang¹, Vicky Jocelyne Moor Ama³, Constant Anatole Pieme³

Affiliations

¹ Faculty of Sciences, University of Ngaoundere, Ngaoundere, Cameroon.
² Faculty of Sciences, University of Dschang, Dschang, Cameroon.
³ Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaoundé I, Yaounde, Cameroon.

Abstract

Dyslipidemia is highly prevalent in sickle cell anemia (SCA) patients and is one of the major risk factors for cardiovascular diseases induced by oxidative stress in Africa. The aim of this research was to investigate the correlation between higher atherogenic index of plasma (API) and oxidative stress in a group of patients living with SCA in Cameroon. Methods. A group of 85 homozygote SS patients (male and female) were enrolled at the Central hospital of Yaounde in Cameroon between May and October 2017. After informed consent through the signature of a consent form was obtained, the plasma was collected to determine the lipid profile while the lysate solution of RBC was used to explore some markers of oxidative stress using spectrophotometric methods. Results. Among the 85 patients included in our study, the mean age was 30 ± 5 years and the female to male ratio was 0.97. The majority of the patients (52-81%) had dyslipidaemia, and 22.4% of the patients demonstrated a higher level of atherogenic index of plasma. The patients with a higher level of total cholesterol (TC) (>240 mg/dl) and low-density lipoprotein (LDL-C) (>159 mg/dl) had at least 1,334 fold of malondialdeheyde (MDA) concentration than those with normal level. Also in the same patients, the higher atherogenic plasmatic index (API) significantly (p < 0.05) increased with the concentration of MDA. Except HDL-C, the other parameters of lipid profile had significant (p < 0.05) correlation with reduced glutathione (GsH) and total antioxidant capacity (TAC). The significant (p < 0.05) and linear regression was found between the increased MDA and higher API. Conclusion. Dyslipidemia increases oxidative stress and higher API which leads to coronary vascular disease in patients with SCA.