Diagnostic Value of FDG-PET/CT for the Identification of Extranodal Extension in Patients With Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma

Anticancer Res. 2020 Apr;40(4):2073-2077. doi: 10.21873/anticanres.14165.

Abstract

Background/aim: We evaluated the diagnostic value of functional imaging with [18F]-fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose (FDG)-positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) for the identification of extranodal extension (ENE) in patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC).

Patients and methods: In this study, 94 patients with HNSCC who underwent FDG-PET/CT were enrolled. We recorded the maximum standardized uptake value (SUVmax), compared the results with pathologic findings, and evaluated the diagnostic performance of using a SUVmax cut-off value for ENE.

Results: Of the 566 dissected levels examined, 53 (9.4%) exhibited ENE. The mean SUVmax of LN with and without ENE were 6.67 and 1.64, respectively (p<0.001). A receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curve analysis for SUVmax showed an area under the ROC curve of 0.913. A SUVmax cut-off of 3.0 achieved diagnostic performance for identifying ENE with sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of 81.1%, 94.3% and 93.1%, respectively.

Conclusion: FDG-PET/CT findings using a SUVmax cut-off of 3.0 provides appropriate diagnostic value in identifying ENE.

Keywords: Head and neck cancer; extranodal extension; lymph node metastasis; positron emission tomography; squamous cell carcinoma.

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Extranodal Extension / diagnosis*
  • Extranodal Extension / diagnostic imaging
  • Extranodal Extension / pathology
  • Female
  • Fluorodeoxyglucose F18 / administration & dosage
  • Humans
  • Lymph Nodes / diagnostic imaging
  • Lymph Nodes / pathology
  • Lymphatic Metastasis / diagnosis*
  • Lymphatic Metastasis / diagnostic imaging
  • Lymphatic Metastasis / pathology
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Multimodal Imaging / methods
  • Positron Emission Tomography Computed Tomography
  • Radiopharmaceuticals / administration & dosage
  • Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Head and Neck / diagnosis*
  • Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Head and Neck / pathology

Substances

  • Radiopharmaceuticals
  • Fluorodeoxyglucose F18