Effects of air exposure on desiccation and photosynthetic performance of Cymodocea nodosa with and without epiphytes and Ulva rigida in comparison, under laboratory conditions

Abstract

The seagrass Cymodocea nodosa and the chlorophyte Ulva rigida growing in the upper sublittoral zones of the Mediterranean Sea are exposed to air during low tides. We compared the desiccation coefficient (k), and the photosynthetic performance (ΔF/Fm') of C. nodosa leaves with and without epiphytes to that of U. rigida. The recovery ability of these two species was assessed by ΔF/Fm', after re-immersion. The desiccation coefficient (k) significantly (p < 0.01) varied among the three macrophyte materials, while the lowest k values were measured both in C. nodosa leaves with epiphytes and U. rigida. ΔF/Fm' significantly declined with decreasing RWC for all materials, while significant differences in the physiological response were observed between U. rigida and the other two materials. Thallus pieces of U. rigida showed higher desiccation tolerance compared to C. nodosa leaves, with its ΔF/Fm' under 75% degree of dehydration reaching to its initial values thirty (30) minutes after re-immersion, when C. nodosa only reached the 50%. This study provides valuable information on possible changes in the two species distribution under different desiccation scenarios.

Keywords: Effective quantum yield; Recovery; Relative water content; Seagrass; Seaweed.