Objective: To investigate the clinicopathological characteristics and improve the clinical treatment of prostatic small-cell carcinoma (PSCC).
Methods: We reported 2 cases of PSCC derived from prostate cancer after treated by androgen blockade and prostate electrotomy and reviewed the relevant literature.
Results: Two patients with PSA elevation were diagnosed with prostate cancer by prostatic puncture biopsy and treated by maximum androgen blockade, which reduced their total PSA to the normal level. Later, due to difficult urination, they both underwent prostate electrotomy, followed by chemotherapy or radiotherapy for PSCC confirmed by postoperative pathology. Nevertheless, they died at 8 to 9 months after the discovery of PSCC.
Conclusions: PSCC can derive from prostate cancer after treatment, which may be attributed to the pathological mutation induced by long-term endocrine therapy. PSCC is more malignant than prostate cancer, and its prognosis is poor.
Keywords: prognosis; small-cell carcinoma; prostate cancer.