Reduction of oxidative stress improves insulin signaling in cardiac tissue of obese mice

Einstein (Sao Paulo). 2020 Mar 23:18:eAO5022. doi: 10.31744/einstein_journal/2020AO5022. eCollection 2020.
[Article in English, Portuguese]

Abstract

Objective: To evaluate the effects of oxidative stress on insulin signaling in cardiac tissue of obese mice.

Methods: Thirty Swiss mice were equally divided (n=10) into three groups: Control Group, Obese Group, and Obese Group Treated with N-acetylcysteine. After obesity and insulin resistance were established, the obese mice were treated with N-acetylcysteine at a dose of 50mg/kg daily for 15 days via oral gavage.

Results: Higher blood glucose levels and nitrite and carbonyl contents, and lower protein levels of glutathione peroxidase and phosphorylated protein kinase B were observed in the obese group when compared with their respective control. On the other hand, treatment with N-acetylcysteine was effective in reducing blood glucose levels and nitrite and carbonyl contents, and significantly increased protein levels of glutathione peroxidase and phosphorylated protein kinase B compared to the Obese Group.

Conclusion: Obesity and/or a high-lipid diet may result in oxidative stress and insulin resistance in the heart tissue of obese mice, and the use of N-acetylcysteine as a methodological and therapeutic strategy suggested there is a relation between them.

Objetivo: Avaliar os efeitos do estresse oxidativo sobre a sinalização da insulina em tecido cardíaco de camundongos obesos.

Métodos: Utilizaram-se 30 camundongos Swiss subdivididos igualmente (n=10) em três grupos: Grupo Controle, Grupo Obeso e Grupo Obeso Tratado com N-acetilcisteína. Após estabelecidas a obesidade e a resistência à insulina, os camundongos obesos foram tratados diariamente, durante 15 dias, via gavagem oral, com N-acetilcisteína na dose de 50mg/kg.

Resultados: Observaram-se maiores níveis de glicose sanguínea, conteúdos de nitrito e carbonil, e menores níveis proteicos de glutationa peroxidase e proteína quinase B fosforilada no Grupo Obeso quando comparado a seu respectivo controle. Por outro lado, o tratamento com N-acetilcisteína se mostrou eficiente em diminuir os níveis glicêmicos, os conteúdos de nitrito e carbonil, e aumentar significativamente os níveis proteicos de glutationa peroxidase e proteína quinase B fosforilada, quando comparados ao Grupo Obeso.

Conclusão: Obesidade e/ou dieta hiperlipídica levam a estresse oxidativo e à resistência à insulina no tecido cardíaco de camundongos obesos, e o uso da N-acetilcisteína como estratégia metodológica e terapêutica sugeriu haver relação entre ambos.

MeSH terms

  • Acetylcysteine / pharmacology*
  • Animals
  • Blood Glucose / analysis
  • Blotting, Western
  • Body Weight
  • Diet, High-Fat*
  • Fluoresceins / analysis
  • Free Radical Scavengers / pharmacology*
  • Humans
  • Insulin Resistance / physiology*
  • Male
  • Mice
  • Myocardium / metabolism*
  • Obesity / metabolism*
  • Oxidative Stress / drug effects
  • Oxidative Stress / physiology*
  • Protein Carbonylation
  • Reactive Oxygen Species / analysis
  • Reference Values
  • Spectrophotometry

Substances

  • Blood Glucose
  • Fluoresceins
  • Free Radical Scavengers
  • Reactive Oxygen Species
  • 2',7'-dichlorofluorescein
  • Acetylcysteine