1 Evolution & Ecology Research Centre, School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia. s.nakagawa@unsw.edu.au.
2 Discipline of Biomedical Informatics and Digital Health, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
3 Centre for Health Informatics, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
4 Evolution & Ecology Research Centre, School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
5 Institute for Evidence-Based Healthcare, Bond University, Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia.
6 Department of Ecology & Evolutionary Biology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA.
7 Department of Evolutionary Biology, Bielefeld University, Bielefeld, Germany.
8 Division of Ecology and Evolution, Research School of Biology, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia.
9 Fenner School of Environment & Society, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia.
10 Australian Academy of Science, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia.
11 College of Medicine and Health, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK.
12 Department of Psychological Sciences, Institute for Collaboration on Health, Intervention, and Policy, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA.
13 Centre for Health Policy, School of Public Health, University of Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa.
14 School of Mathematical Sciences, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.
15 School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
16 Campbell Collaboration, Oslo, Norway.
17 Stockholm Environment Institute, Stockholm, Sweden.
18 Africa Centre for Evidence, University of Johannesburg, Johannesburg, South Africa.