Background Left ventricular (LV) systolic dysfunction is reversible in some patients once the arrhythmia is controlled. However, identifying this arrhythmia-induced cardiomyopathy among patients with LV systolic dysfunction is challenging. We explored the factors predicting the reversibility of the LV ejection fraction (LVEF) after catheter ablation of atrial fibrillation and/or atrial flutter in patients with LV systolic dysfunction. Methods and Results Forty patients with a reduced LVEF (LVEF <50%; 66.2±10.7 years; 32 men) who underwent atrial fibrillation/atrial flutter ablation were included. Transthoracic echocardiography was performed before and during the early (<4 days) and late phases (>3 months) after the ablation. Responders were defined as having a normalized LVEF (≥50%) during the late phase after the ablation. The LVEF improved from 39.8±8.8 to 50.9±10.9% at 1.2±0.6 days after the procedure, and to 56.2±12.2% at 9.6±8.0 months after the procedure (both for P<0.001). Thirty (75.0%) patients were responders. The preprocedural echocardiographic parameters were comparable between the responders and nonresponders. In the multivariate analysis, the preprocedural high-sensitivity troponin T was the only independent predictor of the recovery of the LV dysfunction during the late phase after ablation (odds ratio, 1.17; 95% CI, 1.06-1.33; P=0.001), and a level of ≤12 pg/mL predicted recovery of the LV dysfunction with a high accuracy (sensitivity, 90.0%; specificity, 76.7%; positive predictive value, 56.3%; and negative predictive value, 95.8%). Conclusions Preprocedural high-sensitivity troponin T levels might be a simple and useful parameter for predicting the reversibility of the LV systolic dysfunction after atrial fibrillation/atrial flutter ablation in patients with a reduced LVEF.
Keywords: arrhythmia‐induced cardiomyopathy; atrial fibrillation; catheter ablation; left ventricular dysfunction; troponin T.