Cafeteria diet administered from lactation to adulthood promotes a change in risperidone sensitivity on anxiety, locomotion, memory, and social interaction of Wistar rats

Amanda Escobar Teixeira; Arthur Rocha-Gomes; Tatiele Pereira Dos Santos; Bianca Lara Silva Amaral; Alexandre Alves da Silva; Andrea Renata Malagutti; Fernando Roberto Figueiredo Leite; Sergio Ricardo Stuckert-Seixas; Tania Regina Riul

doi:10.1016/j.physbeh.2020.112874

Cafeteria diet administered from lactation to adulthood promotes a change in risperidone sensitivity on anxiety, locomotion, memory, and social interaction of Wistar rats

Physiol Behav. 2020 Jun 1:220:112874. doi: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2020.112874. Epub 2020 Mar 16.

Authors

Amanda Escobar Teixeira¹, Arthur Rocha-Gomes², Tatiele Pereira Dos Santos³, Bianca Lara Silva Amaral⁴, Alexandre Alves da Silva⁵, Andrea Renata Malagutti⁶, Fernando Roberto Figueiredo Leite⁷, Sergio Ricardo Stuckert-Seixas⁸, Tania Regina Riul⁹

Affiliations

¹ Nutrition Department, Experimental Nutrition Laboratory (LabNutrex), Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, Highway MGT 367 - Km 583, Campus JK, n° 5000, Diamantina, 39100000 MG, Brazil; Pharmacy Department, Pharmacology Laboratory, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, Highway MGT 367 - Km 583, Campus JK, n° 5000, Diamantina, 39100000 MG, Brazil. Electronic address: a.escobarnutri@gmail.com.
² Nutrition Department, Experimental Nutrition Laboratory (LabNutrex), Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, Highway MGT 367 - Km 583, Campus JK, n° 5000, Diamantina, 39100000 MG, Brazil; Pharmacy Department, Pharmacology Laboratory, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, Highway MGT 367 - Km 583, Campus JK, n° 5000, Diamantina, 39100000 MG, Brazil. Electronic address: a.gomes.far@gmail.com.
³ Nutrition Department, Experimental Nutrition Laboratory (LabNutrex), Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, Highway MGT 367 - Km 583, Campus JK, n° 5000, Diamantina, 39100000 MG, Brazil. Electronic address: tatielenutriufvjm@gmail.com.
⁴ Nutrition Department, Experimental Nutrition Laboratory (LabNutrex), Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, Highway MGT 367 - Km 583, Campus JK, n° 5000, Diamantina, 39100000 MG, Brazil. Electronic address: biancalara3m@hotmail.com.
⁵ Nutrition Department, Experimental Nutrition Laboratory (LabNutrex), Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, Highway MGT 367 - Km 583, Campus JK, n° 5000, Diamantina, 39100000 MG, Brazil. Electronic address: alexandre.as@ufvjm.edu.br.
⁶ Pharmacy Department, Analytical Chemistry Laboratory, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, Highway MGT 367 - Km 583, Campus JK, n° 5000, Diamantina, 39100000 MG, Brazil. Electronic address: deamalagutti@gmail.com.
⁷ Pharmacy Department, Analytical Chemistry Laboratory, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, Highway MGT 367 - Km 583, Campus JK, n° 5000, Diamantina, 39100000 MG, Brazil. Electronic address: nandufl@yahoo.com.br.
⁸ Pharmacy Department, Pharmacology Laboratory, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, Highway MGT 367 - Km 583, Campus JK, n° 5000, Diamantina, 39100000 MG, Brazil. Electronic address: sergio.stuckert@ufvjm.edu.br.
⁹ Nutrition Department, Experimental Nutrition Laboratory (LabNutrex), Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, Highway MGT 367 - Km 583, Campus JK, n° 5000, Diamantina, 39100000 MG, Brazil. Electronic address: taniriul@yahoo.com.br.

PMID: 32194072
DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2020.112874

Abstract

Purpose: To evaluate the nutritional status and behavior of animals fed a cafeteria diet from the onset of lactation after the addition of risperidone.

Methods: During the lactation period, 14 litters of Wistar rats (dam + 8 pups) were fed one of two diets: control (CTRL; n = 7) or cafeteria (CAF; n = 7). After weaning, the males were placed in individual cages, receiving the same diet as offered to their respective dams. Food and caloric intake, body weight, feed and energy efficiency, and adipose tissue weight were evaluated in the male offspring. In adulthood, they were assigned to receive treatment with saline (CTRL-S, CAF-S) or risperidone (CTRL-R, CAF-R) (n = 21 in each group). They then underwent behavioral testing, which included the elevated plus maze, open field, object recognition, and social interaction tests. Variance analysis (ANOVA) was used, followed by Newman-Keuls when p-values were < 0.05.

Results: The CAF group exhibited higher caloric intake, weight gain, feed efficiency, and adipose tissue than the CTRL group. The animals in the CAF group exhibited oxidative stress characteristics in the hippocampus, which may have compromised the function of this structure and promoted behavioral changes. The CAF-S group exhibited anxiety, as indicated by the greater number of entrances and time spent in the center of the open field. They also showed greater locomotion through a greater number of quadrants traveled. CAF-S animals also demonstrated memory impairments, assessed using the object recognition test, and decreased social interaction. The CAF-R group demonstrated anxiety and decreased locomotion in the open field. There was a decrease in their interaction with both objects in the object recognition test. The CAF-R group obtained greater sociability in the social interaction test. Such effects may be associated with changes in the serotonergic system of these animals.

Conclusion: Risperidone administered to animals on a cafeteria diet led to a greater reduction in locomotion, had an anxiogenic effect, caused impaired memory, and improved social interaction.

Keywords: Cafeteria diet; Elevated plus maze; Object recognition; Open field; Redox status; Social interaction.

Publication types

Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

Animals
Anxiety / etiology
Diet
Female
Lactation
Locomotion
Male
Rats
Rats, Wistar
Risperidone* / pharmacology
Social Interaction*

Substances

Risperidone