Different Effects of Structured Education on Glycemic Control and Psychological Outcomes in Adolescent and Adult Patients with Type 1 Diabetes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Fang Liu; Yuzhu Guan; Xia Li; Yuting Xie; Jing He; Zhi-Guang Zhou; Lezhi Li

doi:10.1155/2020/9796019

Different Effects of Structured Education on Glycemic Control and Psychological Outcomes in Adolescent and Adult Patients with Type 1 Diabetes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Int J Endocrinol. 2020 Feb 26:2020:9796019. doi: 10.1155/2020/9796019. eCollection 2020.

Authors

Fang Liu^{1

2}, Yuzhu Guan¹, Xia Li², Yuting Xie², Jing He³, Zhi-Guang Zhou^{2

4}, Lezhi Li^{1

5}

Affiliations

¹ Xiangya School of Nursing, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China.
² Department of Metabolism and Endorinology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China.
³ Medical Psychological Center, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China.
⁴ National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Disease, Changsha, China.
⁵ Clinic Nursing Teaching and Research Section, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China.

Abstract

Aim: This systematic review aimed at investigating the effectiveness of structured education (SE) in improving glycemic control and psychological outcomes in adolescent and adult patients with type 1 diabetes.

Methods: Electronic databases (EMBASE, Medline, PubMed, and the Cochrane Library) and the reference lists of included studies were searched from the beginning of the database through April 2019. Randomized controlled trials comparing SE with a control condition and reporting a change in glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) level were included. The primary outcome was glycemic control measured by HbA1c. Secondary outcomes were diabetes-related distress, well-being, depression, and quality of life.

Results: Eighteen studies representing 2759 patients were included. Twelve studies targeted adolescents and six targeted adults. Adolescent patients who were randomized to the intervention group did not show significant improvement of HbA1c in the short (SMD = -0.04; 95% CI: -0.14 to 0.06; P=0.41), medium (SMD = -0.03; 95% CI: -0.13 to 0.07; P=0.41), medium (SMD = -0.03; 95% CI: -0.13 to 0.07; P=0.41), medium (SMD = -0.03; 95% CI: -0.13 to 0.07; P=0.41), medium (SMD = -0.03; 95% CI: -0.13 to 0.07; P=0.41), medium (SMD = -0.03; 95% CI: -0.13 to 0.07.

Conclusions: Development of more efficient SE programs according to the patients' personal characteristics is needed.