Objective: Sleep is a natural activity of humans that affects physical and mental health; therefore, sleep disturbance may lead to fatigue and lower productivity. This study examined 1 million samples included in the Taiwan National Health Insurance Research Database (NHIRD) in order to predict sleep disorder in an asthma cohort from 2002-2010.
Methods: The disease histories of the asthma patients were transferred to sequences and matrices for the prediction of sleep disorder by applying machine learning (ML) algorithms, including K-Nearest Neighbors (KNN), Support Vector Machine (SVM), and Random Forest (RF), and deep learning (DL) models, including Recurrent Neural Network (RNN), Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM), Gated Recurrent Units (GRU), and Convolution Neural Network (CNN).
Results: Among 14,818 new asthma subjects in 2002, there were 4469 sleep disorder subjects from 2002 to 2010. The KNN, SVM, and RF algorithms were demonstrated to be successful sleep disorder prediction models, with accuracies of 0.798, 0.793, and 0.813, respectively (AUC: 0.737, 0.690, and 0.719, respectively). The results of the DL models showed the accuracies of the RNN, LSTM, GRU, and CNN to be 0.744, 0.815, 0.782, and 0.951, respectively (AUC: 0.658, 0.750, 0.732, and 0.934, respectively).
Conclusions: The results showed that the CNN model had the best performance for sleep disorder prediction in the asthma cohort.
Keywords: Sleep disorder; asthma; deep learning; machine learning.