Biodiversity of Pyricularia oryzae Cav. in rice-growing regions of the south of Russia using PCR method

Elena V Dubina; Andrey V Alabushev; Pavel I Kostylev; Elena S Kharchenko; Margarita G Ruban; Yuliya V Aniskina; Ilya A Shilov; Nazife S Velishaeva; Evgeniy P Maximenko; Yuliya A Makukha

doi:10.1007/s12298-019-00737-6

Biodiversity of Pyricularia oryzae Cav. in rice-growing regions of the south of Russia using PCR method

Physiol Mol Biol Plants. 2020 Feb;26(2):289-303. doi: 10.1007/s12298-019-00737-6. Epub 2020 Jan 1.

Affiliations

¹ 1All-Russian Rice Research Institute, 3 Belozerny Lane, Krasnodar, Russian Federation 350921.
² Agrarian Scientific Center "Donskoy", Nauchny Gorodok 3, Zernograd, Russian Federation 347740.
³ 3All-Russia Research Institute of Agricultural Biotechnology, 42 Timiryazevskaya Street, Moscow, Russian Federation 127550.
⁴ 4Federal State Unitary Elite-Seed-Production Enterprise "Krasnoe", All-Russian Rice Research Institute, Risoopytniy, Krasnoarmeyskiy District, Krasnodar Region Russian Federation 353810.

Abstract

The purpose of this research by the way of investigating the molecular genetic structure of a highly variable fungal phytopathogen Pyricularia oryzae Cav., to determine effective genes for the development of a strategy for immunogenetic protection against rice blast in conditions of epiphytotic development of the disease in the south of Russia, which would combine high efficacy with both environmental friendliness and resource and energy saving, to ensure country's food security. The knowledge of local pathotype diversity of Pyricularia oryzae Cav. and the (a)virulence genes in rice-growing regions of Russia may allow the prediction of new races and its interaction in local agro-ecology. The identification of virulence gene may become an indispensable theoretical basis for the development of genetic sources with long-lasting resistance to rice blast. Based on molecular and genetic approaches, the genetic structure and biodiversity of the phytopathogenic fungus Pyricularia oryzae Cav. in the south of Russia were considered. The monitoring was studied and it isolated 57 strains of the pathogen from the damaged herbal material collected from the fields in eight agro-ecological rice-growing regions of the Krasnodar Region (Russian Federation): Krasnoarmeysky, Kalininsky, Krymsky, Abinsky, Temryuksky, Seversky, Slavyansky districts, Krasnodar, Rostov Region (Russian Federation)-Proletarsky district and the Republic of Adygea (Russian Federation). A multiplex PCR technique was applied on the basis of fragment analysis to identify the virulent fungal isolates. 33 fungal genotypes with unique genetic profiles were identified among the studied races of Pyricularia oryzae Cav. Their DNA profiles were created. The studied isolates of the pathogen of rice blast were classified using morphological and microbiology cultural features. Based on the phytopathological test using differentiation rice varieties, the quantitative and qualitative composition of (a)virulence genes in fungal races was established. Effective genes for pathogen resistance, which are recommended for breeding programs for the development of rice varieties resistant to rice blast, were identified in the south of Russia.

Keywords: (A)virulent genes; DNA profile; Isolates; Microsatellite markers; PCR; Rice; Rice blast.