Hierarchically Porous Silk/Activated-Carbon Composite Fibres for Adsorption and Repellence of Volatile Organic Compounds

Molecules. 2020 Mar 7;25(5):1207. doi: 10.3390/molecules25051207.

Abstract

Fabrics comprised of porous fibres could provide effective passive protection against chemical and biological (CB) threats whilst maintaining high air permeability (breathability). Here, we fabricate hierarchically porous fibres consisting of regenerated silk fibroin (RSF) and activated-carbon (AC) prepared through two fibre spinning techniques in combination with ice-templating-namely cryogenic solution blow spinning (Cryo-SBS) and cryogenic wet-spinning (Cryo-WS). The Cryo-WS RSF fibres had exceptionally small macropores (as low as 0.1 µm) and high specific surface areas (SSAs) of up to 79 m2·g-1. The incorporation of AC could further increase the SSA to 210 m2·g-1 (25 wt.% loading) whilst also increasing adsorption capacity for volatile organic compounds (VOCs).

Keywords: activated carbon; freeze casting; ice segregation induced self-assembly; ice-templating; porous fibres; silk fibroin; solution blow spinning; wet spinning.

MeSH terms

  • Adsorption
  • Carbon Fiber / chemistry*
  • Charcoal / chemistry
  • Fibroins / chemistry
  • Freezing
  • Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Interactions
  • Porosity
  • Silk / chemistry*
  • Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared
  • Tensile Strength
  • Volatile Organic Compounds / chemistry*
  • X-Ray Diffraction

Substances

  • Carbon Fiber
  • Silk
  • Volatile Organic Compounds
  • Charcoal
  • Fibroins