Aims: To examine the dual process of physical activity adoption among nurses and its relationships with two personal orientations-regulatory focus-the tendency to focus on promotion (vs. prevention) goals and time preference as measured by delay discounting: the tendency to overvalue immediate rewards over long-term ones.
Background: The dual process theory suggests that both conscious and non-conscious processes influence the adoption of physical activity. However, the role of regulatory focus and time preference in this process was not yet examined.
Design: A cross-sectional online survey among 143 nurses during August-November 2017.
Methods: Validated measures were used to estimate physical activity habit strength (a non-conscious process) and intention, planning and behaviour control (conscious processes), physical activity level, regulatory focus and time preference. Multivariable ordered logit and logistic models were specified to examine determinants of both processes.
Results: Promotion focus was positively associated with having a strong habit of physical activity among nurses with moderate-to-low activity levels, but it was negatively associated with habit for active nurses. As for time preference, higher delay discounting was negatively associated with nurses' conscious intention to adopt physical activity and with their action planning.
Conclusion: Promotion focus and time preference are associated with both conscious and non-conscious processes of physical activity adoption among nurses and should be considered in future health promotion interventions targeted to this population.
Impact: Promotion focus and time preference have a significant role in this dual process. Enhancing physical activity of health providers by adjusting the intervention to personal orientations may improve public health.
目的: 研究护士采用体力活动双重过程及其与两种个人定向的关系,包括焦点调节,即注重促进(与预防)目标的倾向,以及通过延迟折扣衡量的时间偏好:过于看重眼前回报胜过长期回报的倾向。 背景: 双重过程理论认为,有意识和无意识的过程均会影响采取体力活动。然而,尚未对焦点调节和时间偏好在这一过程中的作用进行研究。 设计: 在2017年8月至11月期间对143名护士进行在线横向调查。 方法: 采用经验证的测量方法来评估体力活动习惯强度(一个无意识的过程)和意图、计划和行为控制(有意识的过程)、体力活动水平、焦点调节和时间偏好。指定多变量有序logit和logistic模型来检验两个过程的决定因素。 结果: 促进焦点与活动水平从中到低的护士的强烈体力活动习惯呈正相关,而与活跃护士的习惯呈负相关。对于时间偏好,较高的延迟折扣与护士采取体力活动的意识倾向和行动计划呈负相关。 结论: 促进重点和时间偏好与护士有意识和无意识地采取体力活动过程有关,应在今后针对这一人群的健康促进干预中加以考虑。 影响: 促进焦点和时间偏好在这一双重过程中发挥重要作用。通过调整对个人定向的干预措施,加强卫生服务提供者的体力活动,有助于提高公共健康。.
Keywords: delay discounting; dual process; habit formation; nurses; physical activity; regulatory focus; time preference.
© 2020 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.