Objective: To evaluate the prognostic factors of T1-2N0M0 esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) treated with definitive radiotherapy. Methods: The clinical data of 196 patients with T1-2N0M0 ESCC who were treated with definitive radiotherapy in 10 hospitals were retrospectively analyzed. All sites were members of Jing-Jin-Ji Esophageal and Esophagogastric Cancer Radiotherapy Oncology Group (3JECROG). Radiochemotherapy were applied to 78 patients, while the other 118 patients received radiotherapy only. 96 patients were treated with three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy (3DCRT) and 100 treated with intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT). The median dose of plan target volume(PTV) and gross target volume(GTV) were both 60 Gy. The median follow-up time was 59.2 months. Log rank test and Cox regression analysis were used for univariat and multivariate analysis, respectively. Results: The percentage of normal lung receiving at least 20 Gy (V(20)) was (18.65±7.20)%, with average dose of (10.81±42.05) Gy. The percentage of normal heart receiving at least 30 Gy (V(30)) was (14.21±12.28)%. The maximum dose of exposure in spinal cord was (39.65±8.13) Gy. The incidence of radiation pneumonia and radiation esophagitis were 14.80%(29/196) and 65.82%(129/196), respectively. The adverse events were mostly grade 1-2, without grade 4 toxicity. Median overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) were 70.1 months and 62.3 months, respectively. The 1-, 3- and 5-year OS rates of all patients were 75.1%、57.4% and 53.2%, respectively. The 1-, 3- and 5-year PFS rates were 75.1%、57.4% and 53.2%, respectively. Multivariate analysis demonstrated that patients'age (HR=1.023, P=0.038) and tumor diameter (HR=1.243, P=0.028)were the independent prognostic factors for OS, while tumor volume were the independent prognostic factor for PFS. Conclusions: Definitive radiotherapy is a promising therapeutic method in patients with T1-2N0M0 ESCC. Patients' age, tumor diameter and tumor volume may impact patients' prognosis.
目的： 探讨T1～2N0M0期食管癌根治性放疗的预后及其影响因素。 方法： 回顾性分析泛京津冀食管癌协作组10家医疗中心的196例行根治性放疗的T1～2N0M0期食管癌患者的临床资料，其中单纯放疗118例，放疗辅助化疗78例；三维适形放疗(3DCRT)96例，调强放疗(IMRT)100例。计划靶区(PTV)和大体肿瘤区(GTV)中位照射剂量均为60 Gy。中位随访59.2个月。预后影响因素的单因素分析采用Log rank检验，多因素分析采用Cox模型回归分析。 结果： 全组患者双肺20 Gy剂量照射的体积占总体积的百分比(V(20))为(18.65±7.20)%，平均剂量为(10.81±42.05)Gy。心脏V(30)为(14.21±12.28)%，脊髓最高剂量为(39.65±8.13)Gy。放射性肺炎发生率为14.80%(29/196)，放射性食管炎发生率为65.82%(129/196)，均以1～2级为主，无4级以上急性不良反应。全组患者中位总生存时间和无进展生存时间分别为70.1和62.3个月，1、3、5年总生存率分别为86.1%、65.2%和55.8%，1、3、5年无进展生存率分别为75.1%、57.4%和53.2%。多因素Cox模型回归分析显示，患者年龄(HR＝1.023，P＝0.038)、GTV最大横径(HR＝1.243，P＝0.028)是食管癌患者总生存的独立影响因素，GTV体积(HR＝1.718，P＝0.025)是食管癌患者无进展生存的独立影响因素。 结论： T1～2N0M0期食管癌患者行根治性放疗疗效较好，患者年龄、GTV最大横径和GTV体积影响放疗预后。.
Keywords: Esophageal neoplasms; Intensity-modulated radiotherapy; Prognosis; Radiotherapy; Three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy.