Correlations between the Composition of the Bovine Microbiota and Vitamin B12 Abundance

Julian Franco-Lopez; Melissa Duplessis; An Bui; Coralie Reymond; William Poisson; Lya Blais; Jasmine Chong; Rachel Gervais; Daniel E Rico; Roger I Cue; Christiane L Girard; Jennifer Ronholm

doi:10.1128/mSystems.00107-20

Correlations between the Composition of the Bovine Microbiota and Vitamin B₁₂ Abundance

mSystems. 2020 Mar 3;5(2):e00107-20. doi: 10.1128/mSystems.00107-20.

Authors

Julian Franco-Lopez¹, Melissa Duplessis², An Bui¹, Coralie Reymond³, William Poisson⁴, Lya Blais⁵, Jasmine Chong⁶, Rachel Gervais⁴, Daniel E Rico^{4

7}, Roger I Cue³, Christiane L Girard², Jennifer Ronholm^{8

3}

Affiliations

¹ Department of Food Science and Agricultural Chemistry, Faculty of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Macdonald Campus, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
² Agriculture et Agroalimentaire Canada, Centre de Recherche et Développement de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada.
³ Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Macdonald Campus, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
⁴ Département des Sciences Animales, Université Laval, Québec, Quebec, Canada.
⁵ Département de Microbiologie et d'Infectiologie, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada.
⁶ Institute of Parasitology, Faculty of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Macdonald Campus, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
⁷ Centre de Recherche en Sciences Animales de Deschambault, Deschambault, Quebec, Canada.
⁸ Department of Food Science and Agricultural Chemistry, Faculty of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Macdonald Campus, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada Jennifer.Ronholm@mcgill.ca.

Abstract

Vitamin B₁₂ is synthesized by prokaryotes in the rumens of dairy cows-and this has implications in human nutrition since humans rely on consumption of dairy products for vitamin B₁₂ acquisition. However, the concentration of vitamin B₁₂ in milk is highly variable, and there is interest in determining what causes vitamin B₁₂ variability. We collected 92 temporally linked rumen, fecal, blood, and milk sample sets from Holstein cows at various stages of lactation fitted with rumen cannula and attempted to define which bacterial genera correlated well with vitamin B₁₂ abundance. The level of vitamin B₁₂ present in each sample was measured, and the bacterial population of each rumen, fecal, and milk sample (n = 263) was analyzed by 16S rRNA-targeted amplicon sequencing of the V4 region. The bacterial populations present in the rumen, small intestine, and milk were highly dissimilar. Combined diet and lactation status had significant effects on the composition of the microbiota in the rumen and in the feces. A high ruminal concentration of vitamin B₁₂ was correlated with the increased abundance of Prevotella, while a low ruminal concentration of vitamin B₁₂ was correlated with increased abundance of Bacteroidetes, Ruminiclostridium, and Butyrivibrio The ultimate concentration of vitamin B₁₂ is controlled by the complex interaction of several factors, including the composition of the microbiota. Bacterial consumption of vitamin B₁₂ in the rumen may be more important in determining overall levels than bacterial production.IMPORTANCE In this paper, we examined the microbiome of the bovine rumen, feces, and milk and attempted to understand how the bacterial communities at each site affected the production and movement of vitamin B₁₂ around the animal's body. It was determined that the composition of the bovine rumen microbiome correlates well with vitamin B₁₂ concentration, indicating that the rumen microbiota may be a good target for manipulation to improve production of this important vitamin.

Keywords: bovine; microbiome; microbiota; milk; rumen; vitamin B12.