Breast cancer (BC) is the most common female malignant tumor worldwide. The mechanism of tumorigenesis is still unclear. Ras‑related proteins in brain (Rab)22a belongs to the Ras superfamily, which may act as an oncogene and participate in carcinogenesis. The present study aims to identify whether Rab22a could be a novel biomarker of prognosis and determine the effects of Rab22a on BC cell progression. A total 258 BC and 56 para‑tumor or non‑tumor formalin fixed paraffin embedded tissues were stained through immunohistochemistry. The association between Rab22a expression and clinicopathological features, as well as overall survival status were analyzed. The expression level of Rab22a in breast cell lines were detected using reverse transcription‑quantitative PCR and western blotting. SK‑BR‑3 cells were infected with Rab22a short hairpin RNA lenti‑virus and the ability of cell proliferation, migration and invasion were measured. Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) was employed to analyze the pathways involved in the Rab22a mRNA high level group. Rab22a was found to be overexpressed in BC tissues and upregulated in BC cells. High expression of Rab22a was related to a poor prognosis of patients with BC. Knockdown of Rab22a decreased the proliferation, migration and invasion ability of BC cells. GSEA indicated that certain pathways, including mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 and protein secretion were upregulated, while pathways, such as hypoxia and KRas were downregulated in the Rab22a high level group. Rab22a is of prognostic value for BC and necessary for BC cell proliferation.