Role of non-coding RNAs and RNA modifiers in cancer therapy resistance

Xinyi Zhang; Kai Xie; Honghua Zhou; Yuwei Wu; Chan Li; Yating Liu; Zhaoya Liu; Qian Xu; Shuang Liu; Desheng Xiao; Yongguang Tao

doi:10.1186/s12943-020-01171-z

Role of non-coding RNAs and RNA modifiers in cancer therapy resistance

Mol Cancer. 2020 Mar 2;19(1):47. doi: 10.1186/s12943-020-01171-z.

Authors

Xinyi Zhang^{1

2

3}, Kai Xie⁴, Honghua Zhou^{2

3}, Yuwei Wu^{2

3}, Chan Li², Yating Liu^{1

5

6}, Zhaoya Liu⁷, Qian Xu⁸, Shuang Liu⁹, Desheng Xiao¹⁰, Yongguang Tao^{11

12

13}

Affiliations

¹ Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Ministry of Education, Department of Pathology, Xiangya Hospital, School of Basic Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, Hunan, China.
² Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China.
³ Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, China.
⁴ Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China.
⁵ NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis (Central South University), Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, Hunan, China.
⁶ Hunan Key Laboratory of Early Diagnosis and Precision Therapy, Department of Thoracic Surgery, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, China.
⁷ Department of Geriatrics, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, China.
⁸ Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China.
⁹ Department of Oncology, Institute of Medical Sciences, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China. shuangliu2016@csu.edu.cn.
¹⁰ Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Ministry of Education, Department of Pathology, Xiangya Hospital, School of Basic Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, Hunan, China. xdsh96@21cn.com.
¹¹ Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Ministry of Education, Department of Pathology, Xiangya Hospital, School of Basic Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, Hunan, China. taoyong@csu.edu.cn.
¹² NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis (Central South University), Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, Hunan, China. taoyong@csu.edu.cn.
¹³ Hunan Key Laboratory of Early Diagnosis and Precision Therapy, Department of Thoracic Surgery, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, China. taoyong@csu.edu.cn.

Abstract

As the standard treatments for cancer, chemotherapy and radiotherapy have been widely applied to clinical practice worldwide. However, the resistance to cancer therapies is a major challenge in clinics and scientific research, resulting in tumor recurrence and metastasis. The mechanisms of therapy resistance are complicated and result from multiple factors. Among them, non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), along with their modifiers, have been investigated to play key roles in regulating tumor development and mediating therapy resistance within various cancers, such as hepatocellular carcinoma, breast cancer, lung cancer, gastric cancer, etc. In this review, we attempt to elucidate the mechanisms underlying ncRNA/modifier-modulated resistance to chemotherapy and radiotherapy, providing some therapeutic potential points for future cancer treatment.

Keywords: Chemoresistance; RNA modifiers; Radioresistance; ncRNAs.

Publication types

Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Review

MeSH terms

Animals
Antineoplastic Agents / pharmacology
Biomarkers, Tumor / genetics*
Drug Resistance, Neoplasm*
Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic*
Humans
Neoplasms / drug therapy
Neoplasms / genetics
Neoplasms / pathology*
RNA, Long Noncoding / genetics*
RNA, Neoplasm / chemistry*
RNA, Neoplasm / genetics
Signal Transduction

Substances

Antineoplastic Agents
Biomarkers, Tumor
RNA, Long Noncoding
RNA, Neoplasm