Lipoid Pneumonia

Excerpt

Lipoid pneumonia is a rare form of lung disease first defined in 1925 by Laughlin. It is due to fat-containing products accruing in the distal airways and alveoli, leading to an inflammatory reaction that hinders gas exchange. It can be organized into two categories, exogenous and endogenous, based on the source of lipids. Both types have similar presentations to other disease states; however, there will often be a unique history given as well as distinct radiographic and histologic findings that are important clues in the diagnosis of this rare form of pneumonia. Increased awareness of this disease by physicians and patients is vital, given the growing number of cases in our society due to electronic cigarette use and inhalation of tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) containing oils. Lipoid pneumonia is poorly understood in the medical community, and due to the high number of underreported and undiagnosed cases, there is currently very little research on the subject.