Porcine sialoadhesin suppresses type I interferon production to support porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus infection

Vet Res. 2020 Feb 24;51(1):18. doi: 10.1186/s13567-020-00743-7.

Abstract

Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) is a significant threat to the global swine industry. Porcine sialoadhesin (poSn) has been previously shown to mediate PRRSV attachment and internalization. In the current study, we report its unidentified role in antagonism of type I interferon (IFN) production during PRRSV infection. We determined that poSn facilitated PRRSV infection via inhibition of type I IFN transcription. Mechanistically, poSn interacted with a 12 kDa DNAX-activation protein (DAP12), which was dependent on residues 51-57 within DAP12 transmembrane domain (TMD). PRRSV exploited the poSn-DAP12 pathway to attenuate activation of nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB). More importantly, the poSn-DAP12 pathway was involved in inhibiting poly (I:C)-triggered IFN production. All these results reveal a novel role of poSn in suppressing host antiviral responses, which deepens our understanding of PRRSV pathogenesis.

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Antigens, Differentiation, T-Lymphocyte / metabolism
  • Interferon Type I / metabolism*
  • NF-kappa B / metabolism
  • Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome / metabolism*
  • Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome / virology
  • Porcine respiratory and reproductive syndrome virus / physiology*
  • Sialic Acid Binding Ig-like Lectin 1 / metabolism*
  • Signal Transduction
  • Swine

Substances

  • Antigens, Differentiation, T-Lymphocyte
  • CD226 antigen
  • Interferon Type I
  • NF-kappa B
  • Sialic Acid Binding Ig-like Lectin 1