Metabolic regulation of calcium signaling in beta cells

Olof Idevall-Hagren; Anders Tengholm

doi:10.1016/j.semcdb.2020.01.008

Metabolic regulation of calcium signaling in beta cells

Semin Cell Dev Biol. 2020 Jul:103:20-30. doi: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2020.01.008. Epub 2020 Feb 19.

Authors

Olof Idevall-Hagren¹, Anders Tengholm²

Affiliations

¹ Department of Medical Cell Biology, Uppsala University, Biomedical Centre, Box 571, SE-751 23 Uppsala, Sweden.
² Department of Medical Cell Biology, Uppsala University, Biomedical Centre, Box 571, SE-751 23 Uppsala, Sweden. Electronic address: anders.tengholm@mcb.uu.se.

PMID: 32085965
DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2020.01.008

Abstract

The cytoplasmic Ca²⁺ concentration ([Ca²⁺]_cyt) regulates a vast number of cellular functions, including insulin secretion from beta cells. The major physiological insulin secretagogue, glucose, triggers [Ca²⁺]_cyt oscillations in beta cells. Synchronization of the oscillations among the beta cells within an islet underlies the generation of pulsatile insulin secretion. This review describes the mechanisms generating [Ca²⁺]_cyt oscillations, the interactions between [Ca²⁺]_cyt and cell metabolism, as well as the contribution of various organelles to the shaping of [Ca²⁺]_cyt signals and insulin secretion. It also discusses how Ca²⁺ signals are coordinated and spread throughout the islets and data indicating that altered Ca²⁺ signaling is associated with beta cell dysfunction and development of type 2 diabetes.

Keywords: Acidic stores; Ca(2+); Endoplasmic reticulum; Insulin secretion; Islets; Microdomains; Mitochondria; Oscillations; Secretory granules.

Publication types

Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Review

MeSH terms

Calcium Signaling / immunology*
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / metabolism*
Humans
Insulin-Secreting Cells / metabolism*