Transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (TRPV1) is a polymodal receptor channel, which plays an important role in pain transduction. It is important to understand the functional expression of this channel under neuropathic pain (NP) conditions. A novel method was used to investigate the dynamics of functional expression of this channel on regenerated neurons under NP conditions following trigeminal nerve injury using a combination of a permanently charged sodium channel blocker (QX-314) and a TRPV1 agonist (capsaicin; QX-CAP). The combination was originally introduced as a local anesthetic. Synchronization between the local anesthetic effect of QX-CAP and TRPV1 expression on regenerated neurons was observed following the nerve injury. QX-CAP had no local anesthetic effect under NP conditions 2 weeks after the injury when TRPV1 expression on regenerated neurons was low. However, this combination was effective under NP conditions 3 and 4 weeks following injury when TRPV1 expression in regenerated neurons was moderate to high. The current review, discusses the potential of QX-314 as a local anesthetic and a novel approach of using QX-CAP to reveal the dynamics of functional expression of TRPV1 on regenerated neurons following trigeminal nerve injury.
Keywords: QX-314; capsaicin; functional TRPV1 expression; local anesthetics.