Objective: To measure the distance from cemento-enamel junction (CEJ) to alveolar crest (AC) of labial side of anterior teeth on skeletal Angle class III patients under direct vision during periodontal bone augmentation surgery and to make relevant analysis to find the relevant factors.
Methods: In the study, 46 skeletal Angle class III patients (10 males and 36 females) received periodontal bone augmentation surgery of anterior teeth were included, with 67 jaws (27 maxillae and 40 mandibles) and 400 anterior teeth (161 maxillary anterior teeth and 239 mandibular anterior teeth). The mean age was 23.65 years. Maxillary anterior teeth consisted of 54 central incisors, 53 lateral incisors and 54 canines. Mandibular anterior teeth consisted of 79 central incisors, 80 lateral incisors and 80 canines. CEJ-AC was measured in three sites (mesial sites, central sites and distal sites) by Williams periodontal probes during periodontal bone augmentation surgery under direct vision by the same researcher.
Results: The average CEJ-AC of 400 anterior teeth was (2.21±1.48) mm. The average CEJ-AC of maxillary anterior teeth was (1.72±1.13) mm, more than (2.54±1.60) mm of mandibular anterior teeth (P<0.05). The average CEJ-AC of canines was (2.42±1.78) mm, more than (2.06±1.27) mm of central incisors or (2.16±1.32) mm of lateral incisors (P<0.05). The average CEJ-AC of central sites was (3.04±2.01) mm, more than (1.79±0.86) mm of mesial sites or (1.81±0.89) mm of distal sites (P<0.05). CEJ-AC of 233 anterior teeth was more than 2 mm, accounting for 58.25%, and 117 anterior teeth with dehiscence were found, accounting for 29.25%. Multilevel and multivariate Logistic regression showed age, jaw, tooth and site were the relevant factors to the position of alveolar crest.
Conclusion: The position of alveolar crest of skeletal Angle class III patients who received periodontal bone augmentation surgery was lower than that of the general population, causing periodontal risks during decompensation orthodontics therapy before orthognathic surgery. The position of alveolar crest was lower in older patients than in younger patients, in mandibular teeth than in maxillary teeth, in canines than in central incisors or lateral incisors, and in central sites than in mesial sites or distal sites of labial side, which showed much higher risk.
目的: 直视下评估骨性安氏Ⅲ类错牙合畸形患者前牙唇侧牙槽嵴顶位置,即釉牙骨质界(cemento-enamel junction,CEJ)到牙槽嵴顶(aleolar crest,AC)距离,并进行相关因素分析。
方法: 纳入46名骨性安氏Ⅲ类错牙合畸形需牙周手术骨增量的患者,平均年龄23.65岁,男10例、女36例,67个颌位(27个上颌、40个下颌), 共400颗牙,其中161颗上前牙(切牙、侧切牙、尖牙各54、53、54颗)和239颗下前牙(切牙、侧切牙、尖牙各79、80、80颗)。术中用Williams牙周探针直视下测量CEJ到AC距离(CEJ-AC),每颗牙测量近中、中央、远中三个位点,并进行多元回归及分析。
结果: 前牙唇侧CEJ-AC平均为(2.21±1.48) mm;下前牙CEJ-AC平均为(2.54±1.60) mm,大于上前牙(1.72±1.13) mm,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。尖牙CEJ-AC平均为(2.42±1.78) mm,大于中切牙(2.06±1.27) mm或侧切牙(2.16±1.32) mm,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。中央CEJ-AC平均为(3.04±2.01) mm,大于近中(1.79±0.86) mm或远中(1.81±0.89) mm,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。存在CEJ-AC>2 mm的位点的前牙为233颗,占总数58.25%;存在骨开裂的前牙为117颗,占总数29.25%。多元回归显示,年龄、颌位、牙位、位点与牙槽嵴顶位置相关。
结论: 行唇侧骨增量的骨性安氏Ⅲ类错牙合畸形患者前牙牙槽嵴顶位置低于一般人群,去代偿正畸过程中存在牙周风险,年龄大、下颌、尖牙及唇侧中央位点风险尤明显。