Background: Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a common disorder worldwide. It is characterized by abdominal pain/discomfort and changes in bowel habits. Due to the multifactorial pathophysiology and the heterogeneity of IBS patients, appropriate treatment of IBS is still a challenge. Spascupreel (SP-11), as a multicomponent medication, has the potential to modulate multiple pathophysiological pathways simultaneously. Therefore, the objective of the current study was to investigate the effects of oral SP-11 treatment on stress-induced changes of peripheral and central functions in a rat model mimicking human IBS.
Methods: Naïve Wistar rats were treated with SP-11 (0.9 tab/kg) or NaCl 0.9% by oral gavage for 4 days before 2-hour partial restraint stress (PRS) procedure. Twenty minutes after PRS, central and peripheral stress-induced changes affecting IBS were assessed. These include the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis response through plasma ACTH and corticosterone measurements, visceral pain in response to colorectal distension, gut permeability, colonic mast cell number, and sensitization as well as gut transit time.
Results: Treatment with SP-11 reduced the HPA axis activation in response to PRS. At the gut level, a reduction in colonic hypersensitivity to colorectal distension, a normalization of gut transit time acceleration, a reduced mast cell sensitization, and a trend toward reduced gut hyperpermeability were observed.
Conclusions: These data suggest that stress-induced IBS signs can be reduced using SP-11 in rats. The observed effects and the good tolerability of the drug make SP-11 an innovative candidate in the management of IBS.
Keywords: SP-11; Spascupreel; gut-brain axis; irritable bowel syndrome; multicomponent medication; partial restraint stress.
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