Sialuria-Related Intellectual Disability in Children and Adolescent of Pakistan: Tenth Patient Described has a Novel Mutation in the GNE Gene

Abstract

Background: Sialuria is a rare inborn error of metabolism caused by excessive synthesis of sialic acid due to the mutation in the binding site of the cytidine monophosphate-sialic acid of UDPGlcNAc 2-Epimerase/ManNAc Kinase (GNE/MNK).

Objective: This is the first study investigating the molecular basis of neuronal disorders exhibiting sialuria in Pakistani children/adolescents.

Methods: The current study genotyped GNE SNPs rs121908621, rs121908622 and rs121908623 by using PCR, RFLP, and DNA sequencing methods. Socioeconomic and clinical histories were also recorded.

Results: Our data suggest that clinical symptoms and financial status play a significant role in conferring sialuria related Intellectual Disability (ID). SNP: rs121908623 showed G/A substitution (R263Q) in the GNE gene.

Conclusion: We have identified one case study in Pakistan, so this makes our research a leap forward towards the identification of the 10th case study worldwide.

Keywords: Sialuria; arginine (R); glutamine (Q); intellectual disability; metabolic error; single nucleotide polymorphism..