In the present investigation scratch wound assay was used to study the ability of several combinations of each flavonoid (chrysin, naringenin or resveratrol) with β-sitosterol to heal wounds in vitro. MTT test was performed to determine if the combination of flavonoid with β-sitosterol was toxic to fibroblasts or not. Also, superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity and interleukin-1β (IL-1β) concentrations were measured. The best closure rates were obtained with β-sitosterol combined with naringenin and β-sitosterol combined with resveratrol. The combination that produced the best closure rate namely β-sitosterol with naringenin increased SOD activity significantly. However, this combination was not better than naringenin or β-sitosterol alone in reducing IL-β concentration. The results of MTT test indicated that the combination as well as β-sitosterol alone or naringenin alone has no toxic effect on fibroblasts. In conclusion, the combination of β-sitosterol and naringenin exerted a synergistic effect on wound closure without decreasing the viability of fibroblasts, increased antioxidant defense mechanism and decreased IL-β.
Keywords: Beta-sitosterol; Interleukin-1β; Naringenin; SOD; Scratch wound assay; Synergism.
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