Purpose: The aim of this study was to assess the microbiological and clinical outcomes of implant-supported restorations on zirconia or titanium abutments after 3 years in function.
Materials and methods: Twenty two-part dental implants were placed in 20 healthy individuals in need of single-tooth replacement. Ceramic-based reconstructions were cemented in either zirconia or titanium abutments. Clinical, radiographic, and microbiological outcomes were examined at implant loading and then yearly up to 3 years post-loading.
Results: Cumulative survival/success implant rates were 95% after 3 years. Mean total marginal bone loss was 0.76 ± 0.21 mm for zirconia and 0.99 ± 0.41 mm for titanium, with no significant differences (P > .05). Overall, titanium and zirconia abutments presented similar values of probing depth, gingival recession, and bleeding on probing over time (P < .05). Microbial profile of implants restored with titanium or zirconia is quite similar to that found in the remaining teeth.
Conclusions: Zirconia and titanium presented different microbial profile and genome counts. Clinical findings for both zirconia and titanium abutments were similar and consistent with a healthy condition, reflecting a high survival rate and low bone loss. Microbiota did not impact the clinical outcomes after 3 years of function.
Keywords: bacterial adhesion; checkerbord DNA-DNA hybridization; implant; titanium; zirconia.
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