Food consumption and its association with nutritional status, physical activity and sociodemographic factors of bariatric surgery candidates

Rev Col Bras Cir. 2020 Jan 31;46(6):e20192382. doi: 10.1590/0100-6991e-20192382. eCollection 2020.
[Article in Portuguese, English]

Abstract

Objective: to evaluate the association of food consumption with nutritional status, physical activity and sociodemographic factors in the bariatric surgery period preoperative.

Methods: we conducted a cross-sectional study from 2018 to 2019, with patients admitted for bariatric surgery at the Oswaldo Cruz University Hospital, Federal University of Pernambuco. We collected data sociodemographic and nutritional data such as body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, highest weight and pre-surgical weight. We evaluated food consumption with the food frequency questionnaire based on the food pyramid adapted for bariatric patients and physical activity.

Results: the study involved 60 patients, 78.3% were female, mean age was 38.8±9.6 years, 53.3% were married, and 70% had more than 12 years of education. As for physical activity, 31.7% were sedentary. Regarding nutritional status, the mean BMI was 47.3±6.96kg/m2. Preoperative weight, highest weight reached before surgery and waist circumference were higher in males (p<0.05). There was an association between physical activity and food intake, and sedentary individuals consumed more carbohydrates (p=0.041). On the other hand, sociodemographic data and nutritional status were not associated with food consumption.

Conclusion: the level of physical activity showed significant association only with carbohydrate consumption.

Objetivo: avaliar a associação do consumo alimentar com estado nutricional, atividade física e fatores sociodemográficos no pré-operatório de cirurgia bariátrica.

Métodos: estudo transversal, realizado no período de 2018 a 2019, com pacientes internados para a cirurgia bariátrica no Hospital Universitário Oswaldo Cruz da Universidade Federal de Pernambuco. Foram obtidos dados sociodemográficos, estado nutricional pelo índice de massa corporal (IMC), circunferência da cintura, maior peso e peso pré-cirúrgico, consumo alimentar obtido pelo questionário de frequência alimentar baseado na pirâmide alimentar adaptada para o paciente bariátrico e atividade física.

Resultados: participaram do estudo 60 pacientes, sendo 78,3% do sexo feminino, com idades de 38,8±9,6 anos, 53,3% casados e 70% dos indivíduos com mais de 12 anos de estudo. Na prática de atividade física, 31,7% eram sedentários. Sobre o estado nutricional, a média de IMC observada foi de 47,3±6,96kg/m2. O peso pré-operatório, maior peso atingido antes da cirurgia e circunferência da cintura foi maior no sexo masculino (p<0,05). Houve associação entre atividade física e consumo alimentar, sendo que indivíduos sedentários consumiam mais carboidratos (p=0,041). Por outro lado, dados sociodemográficos e estado nutricional não apresentaram associações com o consumo.

Conclusão: o nível de atividade física evidenciou associação significativa apenas com o consumo de carboidratos.

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Bariatric Surgery*
  • Body Mass Index
  • Cross-Sectional Studies
  • Exercise / physiology*
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Nutritional Status / physiology*
  • Obesity / surgery*
  • Overweight / surgery*
  • Preoperative Care
  • Socioeconomic Factors
  • Surveys and Questionnaires