PET microplastics toxicity on marine key species is influenced by pH, particle size and food variations

Sci Total Environ. 2020 May 1:715:136947. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.136947. Epub 2020 Jan 25.

Abstract

This study aims to evaluate effects induced by the exposure of key marine species to leachates and suspensions of different particle-size of PET microparticles, a plastic polymer that is actually considered safe for the environment. Leachates and suspensions of small (5-60 μm); medium (61-499 μm) and large (500-3000 μm) PET were tested on bacteria (V. fischeri; UNI EN ISO 11348-3:2009), algae (P. tricornutum; UNI EN ISO 10253:2016E), and echinoderms (P. lividus; EPA 600/R-95-136/Section 15) species both under standard (8.0) and acidified (7.5) pH conditions. Results obtained show that: i) conversely to larval stage of P. lividus, bacterial and algal tested species are not sensitive to PET pollution under all tested conditions; ii) different tested particle-sizes of PET produce effects that are not always related to their particle-size; iii) differences comparing acidified and standard pH conditions were recorded; iv) concerning echinoderms, food availability produce significant differences compared to fasting conditions; v) special attention on the possible interactions between MPs and other stressors (e.g., food and pH) is needed in order to give a better picture of natural occurring dynamics on marine ecosystems especially in the future frame of global changes.

Keywords: Global changes; Paracentrotus lividus; Phaeodactylum tricornutum; Polyethylene terephthalate microplastic; Vibrio fischeri.

MeSH terms

  • Ecosystem
  • Hydrogen-Ion Concentration
  • Microplastics*
  • Particle Size
  • Water Pollutants, Chemical

Substances

  • Microplastics
  • Water Pollutants, Chemical