Seroprevalence of hepatitis B surface antigen and associated risk factors among pregnant women

J Infect Dev Ctries. 2018 Oct 31;12(10):904-909. doi: 10.3855/jidc.10018.

Abstract

Introduction: Hepatitis B infection is a serious global public health problem. The aim of the study was to assess the seroprevalance of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg), as well as the risk factors associated with hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection among pregnant women attending antenatal care clinics of the University Hospital in Antioch, Turkey.

Methodology: This descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out between May 2016 and December 2016. The Chi-squared was utilized to estimate the statistical significance of the association between socio-demographic variables and HBsAg status. The results were generated as proportions odds ratio (OR) with their 95% confidence intervals (Cl) and calculated by using both univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis.

Results: The seroprevalence of HBsAg was found to be 2.1%. A significant association was observed between age and HBsAg seropositivity (p = 0.027). History of blood transfusion (AOR = 9.51, 95% CI = 1.92-46.80, p = 0.006), history of hepatitis (AOR = 11.13, 95% CI = 2.02-61.28, p = 0.006), tattooing (AOR = 13.64, 95% CI = 2.52-73.76, p = 0.002) and a history of household/close contact (AOR = 11.10, 95% CI = 1.56-78.65, p = 0.016) were significantly associated with the risk of HBV infection.

Conclusions: Data regarding the seroprevalence of HBsAg and risk factors associated with HBV infection in pregnant women plays a crucial role in evaluating the effectiveness of the public health protection policies and the strategies to control the disease.

Keywords: hepatitis B virus; pregnant women; risk factor.

MeSH terms

  • Adolescent
  • Adult
  • Biomarkers / blood
  • Cross-Sectional Studies
  • Female
  • Hepatitis B / blood
  • Hepatitis B / diagnosis
  • Hepatitis B / epidemiology*
  • Hepatitis B / etiology
  • Hepatitis B Surface Antigens / blood*
  • Humans
  • Logistic Models
  • Middle Aged
  • Odds Ratio
  • Pregnancy
  • Pregnancy Complications, Infectious / blood
  • Pregnancy Complications, Infectious / diagnosis
  • Pregnancy Complications, Infectious / epidemiology*
  • Pregnancy Complications, Infectious / etiology
  • Prevalence
  • Risk Factors
  • Seroepidemiologic Studies
  • Turkey / epidemiology
  • Young Adult

Substances

  • Biomarkers
  • Hepatitis B Surface Antigens