Bifidobacterium longum R0175 Protects Rats against d-Galactosamine-Induced Acute Liver Failure

Kaicen Wang; Longxian Lv; Ren Yan; Qiangqiang Wang; Huiyong Jiang; Wenrui Wu; Yating Li; Jianzhong Ye; Jingjing Wu; Liya Yang; Xiaoyuan Bian; Xianwan Jiang; Yanmeng Lu; Jiaojiao Xie; Qing Wang; Jian Shen; Lanjuan Li

doi:10.1128/mSphere.00791-19

Bifidobacterium longum R0175 Protects Rats against d-Galactosamine-Induced Acute Liver Failure

mSphere. 2020 Jan 29;5(1):e00791-19. doi: 10.1128/mSphere.00791-19.

Authors

Kaicen Wang^#^{1

2

3}, Longxian Lv^#^{1

2

3}, Ren Yan^#^{1

2

3}, Qiangqiang Wang^#^{1

2

3}, Huiyong Jiang^#^{1

2

3}, Wenrui Wu^{1

2

3}, Yating Li^{1

2

3}, Jianzhong Ye^{1

2

3}, Jingjing Wu^{1

2

3}, Liya Yang^{1

2

3}, Xiaoyuan Bian^{1

2

3}, Xianwan Jiang^{1

2

3}, Yanmeng Lu^{1

2

3}, Jiaojiao Xie^{1

2

3}, Qing Wang^{1

2

3}, Jian Shen^{1

2

3}, Lanjuan Li^{4

2

3}

Affiliations

¹ State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
² National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
³ Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
⁴ State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China ljli@zju.edu.cn.

^# Contributed equally.

Abstract

Acute liver failure is a severe liver disorder that poses considerable global challenges. Previous studies on Bifidobacterium longum R0175 have mainly focused on its psychotropic functions. The current research focused on the protective efficacy of B. longum R0175 against acute liver failure caused by d-galactosamine (d-GalN) in rats and further tested the hypothesis that B. longum R0175 exerted liver-protective effects by affecting the intestinal microbiota and fecal metabolites and by inhibiting inflammation. We found that oral gavage of B. longum R0175 markedly reduced the severity of liver injury in d-GalN-treated rats, as evidenced by decreased serum levels of aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and total bile acids (TBAs) (P < 0.05). Moreover, the plasma concentrations of proinflammatory cytokines (interleukin 1β [IL-1β] and tumor necrosis factor-α [TNF-α]) and chemokines (granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor [GM-CSF], macrophage chemoattractant protein 1 [MCP-1], chemokine [C-X-C motif] ligand 1 [CXCL1], chemokine [C-C motif] ligand 5 [CCL5], and macrophage inflammatory protein-1α [MIP-1α]) were also markedly reduced (P < 0.05). Pretreatment with B. longum R0175 partially reversed the gut microbiota dysbiosis in rats with liver injury by increasing the relative abundances of potentially beneficial bacteria, such as Alloprevotella spp., and decreasing the relative abundances of potentially harmful bacteria, such as Acetatifactor muris, Butyricimonas spp., and Oscillibacter spp. Furthermore, B. longum R0175 administration partially improved the metabolic function of the intestinal microbes, as indicated by the decreased level of lithocholic acid found in the feces.IMPORTANCE Our research investigated the protective and preventive roles of B. longum R0175 in a rat model of acute liver failure. The results illustrated that this probiotic strain exhibited protective effects in rats with acute liver failure. Thus, B. longum R0175 showed clinical application prospects that required further exploration.

Keywords: Bifidobacterium longum R0175; acute liver failure; metabolome; microbiome; probiotic.

MeSH terms

Animals
Aspartate Aminotransferases / blood
Bifidobacterium longum*
Bile Acids and Salts / blood
Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury / therapy*
Chemokines / blood
Cytokines / blood
Dysbiosis
Galactosamine
Gastrointestinal Microbiome
Male
Probiotics / therapeutic use*
Rats
Rats, Sprague-Dawley

Substances

Bile Acids and Salts
Chemokines
Cytokines
Galactosamine
Aspartate Aminotransferases