Seasonal response of the synergism of maternal comorbidities and long-term air pollution exposure on birth outcomes

Boyi Zhao; Min Wang; Changwei Lü; Ling Feng; Hua Ma; Haixia Meng; Muge Qi; Qingyun Fan; Haoji Wang; Haijun Zhou; Jiang He

doi:10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.110232

Seasonal response of the synergism of maternal comorbidities and long-term air pollution exposure on birth outcomes

Ecotoxicol Environ Saf. 2020 Mar 15:191:110232. doi: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.110232. Epub 2020 Jan 24.

Authors

Boyi Zhao¹, Min Wang², Changwei Lü³, Ling Feng⁴, Hua Ma¹, Haixia Meng², Muge Qi², Qingyun Fan⁵, Haoji Wang¹, Haijun Zhou⁶, Jiang He⁷

Affiliations

¹ School of Ecology and Environment, Inner Mongolia University, 010021, Hohhot, China.
² The Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, 010050, Hohhot, China.
³ School of Ecology and Environment, Inner Mongolia University, 010021, Hohhot, China; Institute of Environmental Geology, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, 010021, China. Electronic address: lcw2008@imu.edu.cn.
⁴ School of Ecology and Environment, Inner Mongolia University, 010021, Hohhot, China; Institute of Environmental Geology, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, 010021, China.
⁵ Environmental Monitoring Center of Inner Mongolia, 010011, Hohhot, China.
⁶ College of Geographical Science, Inner Mongolia Normal University, Hohhot, 010022, China.
⁷ School of Ecology and Environment, Inner Mongolia University, 010021, Hohhot, China; Institute of Environmental Geology, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, 010021, China. Electronic address: ndjhe@imu.edu.cn.

PMID: 31986457
DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.110232

Abstract

Air pollution has been considered as one of the most important factors associating with various birth outcomes. However, the seasonal response of maternal comorbidities effects associated with air pollution has not been investigated, especially in the city with distinguish seasonal pattern and long heating seasons. In this work, 69,945 live births were investigated from 2013 to 2016, and the seasonal relationship between air pollution and preterm birth and low birth weight were assessed, as well as the synergism of maternal comorbidities. Exposures of six pollutants were assigned to maternal residences during pregnancy. The potential effect modiﬁcation by maternal comorbidities on the associations was evaluated between prenatal air pollution and preterm birth (PTB), as well as effects of seasons and trimesters. Adjusting for seasonality, all six pollutants presented seasonal relationship with preterm birth, which CO, PM₁₀, NO₂, and PM_2.5 were with [odds ratio (OR) = 1.035 95% CI: 1.015, 1.055, OR = 1.039 95% CI: 1.034, 1.045, OR = 1.042, 95% CI: 1.029, 1.056 and OR = 1.085 95% CI 1.073, 1.097, respectively] for tenth quartile of 10 μg/m³ range increased in autumn (the beginning of heating season). For O₃, it associated with PTB in winter and spring with OR = 1.113 95% CI: 1.104, 1.123, and OR = 1.155 95% CI: 1.145, 1.165, respectively. The OR increase of PTB for exposure to all six pollutants was higher among women with preeclampsia and gestational hypertension. The associations between ambient air pollution and preterm birth were modiﬁed by gestational hypertension and preeclampsia. The seasonal patterns of six studied air pollutants increases the risk of PTB in autumn and winter distinguishably, which may due to the sudden increased concentrations of pollutants emitted by traditional heating. The seasonal response of the synergism of maternal comorbidities and long-term air pollution exposure on birth outcomes is supported by the data sets of preterm birth.

Keywords: Air pollution exposure; Birth outcomes; Maternal comorbidities; Seasonal response; Synergism.

MeSH terms

Air Pollutants / analysis
Air Pollutants / toxicity*
Air Pollution
Comorbidity
Female
Humans
Hypertension, Pregnancy-Induced
Infant, Low Birth Weight
Infant, Newborn
Maternal Exposure*
Odds Ratio
Pre-Eclampsia
Pregnancy
Pregnancy Outcome
Pregnancy Trimesters
Premature Birth / epidemiology*
Seasons*

Substances

Air Pollutants