Direct Rapid Determination of Trace Aluminum in Various Water Samples with Quercetin by Reverse Phase High-Performance Liquid Chromatography Based on Fabric Phase Sorptive Extraction Technique

Abstract

The determination of trace levels of aluminum by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with UV detection using quercetin, a natural bioactive flavonol, as a metal complexation agent is presented in the current article. The developed method has been successfully applied to the direct determination of aluminum in water samples collected from various sources. A preconcentration technique is indispensable due to the presence of aluminum in environmental water at trace levels. Fabric phase sorptive extraction (FPSE), a relatively new but promising sample preparation technique, was applied to preconcentrate quercetin-Al(III) complex from water samples. Efficient extraction of the quercetin-Al(III) complex from aqueous samples has been accomplished by applying FPSE using a cellulose fabric substrate coated with sol-gel C18 hybrid nanocomposite sorbent. Baseline separation of Al-quercetin complex has been achieved on a reverse phase C18 column with the use of acetonitrile: 3% acetic acid (30:70; v/v) as the mobile phase at a flow rate of 1.0 mL/min. The new FPSE-HPLC-UV method can be used for the routine screening of Al ions in various water samples with high sensitivity, precision and reliability.