Helical Peptides Design for Molecular Dipoles Functionalization of Wide Band Gap Oxides

J Am Chem Soc. 2020 Feb 19;142(7):3489-3498. doi: 10.1021/jacs.9b12001. Epub 2020 Feb 11.

Abstract

The use of helical hexapeptides to establish a surface dipole layer on a TiO2 substrate, with the goal of influencing the energy levels of a coadsorbed chromophore, is explored. Two helical hexapeptides, synthesized from 2-amino isobutyric acid (Aib) residues, were protected at the N-terminus with a carboxybenzyl group (Z) and at the C-terminus carried either a carboxylic acid or an isophthalic acid (Ipa) anchor group to form Z-(Aib)6-COOH or Z-(Aib)6-Ipa, respectively. Using a combination of vibrational and photoemission spectroscopies, bonding of the two peptides to TiO2 surfaces (either nanostructured or single-crystal TiO2(110)) was found to be highly dependent on the anchor group, with Ipa establishing a monolayer much more efficiently than COOH. Furthermore, a monolayer of Z-(Aib)6-Ipa on TiO2(110) was exposed for different binding times to a solution of a zinc tetraphenylporphyrin (ZnTPP) derivative terminated with an Ipa anchor group (ZnTPP-P-Ipa). Photoemission spectroscopy revealed that ZnTPP-P-Ipa partly displaced Z-(Aib)6-Ipa, forming a coadsorbed monolayer on the oxide surface. The presence of the peptide molecular dipole shifted the HOMO levels of the ZnTPP group to lower energy by ∼300 meV, in accordance with a simple parallel plate capacitor model. These results suggest that a mixed-layer approach, involving coadsorption of a strong molecular dipole compound with a chromophore, is a versatile method to shift the energy levels of such chromophores with respect to the band edges of the substrate.

Publication types

  • Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.

MeSH terms

  • Aminoisobutyric Acids / chemistry*
  • Models, Molecular
  • Nanostructures / chemistry
  • Oligopeptides / chemical synthesis
  • Oligopeptides / chemistry*
  • Protein Binding
  • Protein Folding
  • Protein Structure, Secondary
  • Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared
  • Titanium / chemistry*

Substances

  • Aminoisobutyric Acids
  • Oligopeptides
  • titanium dioxide
  • 2-aminoisobutyric acid
  • Titanium