A composite measure of sleep health is associated with symptoms of depression among Japanese female hospital nurses

Ryuji Furihata; Kaori Saitoh; Masahiro Suzuki; Maki Jike; Yoshitaka Kaneita; Takashi Ohida; Daniel J Buysse; Makoto Uchiyama

doi:10.1016/j.comppsych.2019.152151

A composite measure of sleep health is associated with symptoms of depression among Japanese female hospital nurses

Compr Psychiatry. 2020 Feb:97:152151. doi: 10.1016/j.comppsych.2019.152151. Epub 2019 Dec 5.

Authors

Ryuji Furihata¹, Kaori Saitoh¹, Masahiro Suzuki¹, Maki Jike², Yoshitaka Kaneita³, Takashi Ohida³, Daniel J Buysse⁴, Makoto Uchiyama⁵

Affiliations

¹ Department of Psychiatry, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
² Division of Public Health, Department of Social Medicine, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Food Safety and Management, Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences, Showa Women's University, Tokyo, Japan.
³ Division of Public Health, Department of Social Medicine, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
⁴ Sleep and Chronobiology Center, Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
⁵ Department of Psychiatry, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan. Electronic address: uchiyama.makoto@nihon-u.ac.jp.

PMID: 31954287
DOI: 10.1016/j.comppsych.2019.152151

Abstract

Background: Individual dimensions of sleep health, including satisfaction, sleepiness/alertness, timing, efficiency, and duration, are associated with depression. We investigated whether a composite sleep health score is associated with symptoms of depression among Japanese female hospital nurses.

Methods: Participants were nurses (n = 2482, all women, age 31.2 ± 8.9 years) working at three general hospitals in Tokyo, Japan. A cross-sectional survey, conducted in 2015, assessed self-reported sleep and symptoms of depression. Sleep health was categorized as "good" or "poor" across five dimensions: satisfaction, daytime sleepiness, mid-sleep time, efficiency, and duration. A composite sleep health score was calculated by summing the number of "poor" dimensions. Depression was defined by depressed mood, loss of interest, or at least one of those symptoms ("depression symptoms"). Associations between sleep health and symptoms of depression were evaluated with multivariate logistic regression analyses, adjusting for sociodemographic factors and hypnotic medication use.

Results: In multivariate logistic regression analyses, sleep health symptoms of poor satisfaction, efficiency, and duration were significantly associated with depressed mood; daytime sleepiness and poor efficiency were significantly associated with loss of interest; and poor satisfaction, daytime sleepiness, mid-sleep time, and efficiency were significantly associated with having at least one depressive symptom. The composite sleep health score was associated in a graded fashion with greater odds of depression symptoms.

Conclusion: Individual and composite sleep health scores were associated with symptoms of depression. Assessing composite measures of multidimensional sleep health may help to better understand the well-known associations between poor sleep and depression and lead to improved intervention strategies.

Keywords: Depressive symptoms; Insomnia; Japan; Nurse; Sleep duration; Sleep health; Women.

Publication types

Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

Adult
Cross-Sectional Studies
Depression / diagnosis
Depression / epidemiology*
Female
Humans
Japan / epidemiology
Male
Middle Aged
Nurses / statistics & numerical data*
Self Report
Sleep / physiology*
Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders / complications
Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders / epidemiology*
Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders / psychology
Sleep Wake Disorders / diagnosis
Surveys and Questionnaires