Introduction: The oxytocin challenge test (OCT) used to be one of the most important tools in assessing fetal well-being before ultrasonography became prevalent. We show that, after modifying the classification of the results and the intervention algorithm, OCT can still be a useful tool in present-day obstetrics.
Material and methods: The study included 318 OCTs performed in patients admitted to our department from 2010 to 2012. A modified classification of test results was introduced, dividing the results in four groups: I-negative, II-positive, III-non-diagnostic and type IV (fetal tachycardia or increased variability). The purpose of the study was to evaluate the clinical significance of OCT in assessing intrauterinal fetal well-being and predicting the necessity for ending the pregnancy.
Results: A significant difference (p < 0.001) in the delivery method and the indications for cesarean sections (CS) was found between negative and positive OCT results. CS indicated by an abnormal fetal heart rate (FHR) pattern had to be performed in 40% of cases with positive OCT results, having constituted 84.6% of all CSs in this group. After negative OCTs, 12.8% pregnancies were ended by CS from FHR indications (62.3% of all the indications).
Conclusions: A positive OCT result can be a valuable predictor of an abnormal fetal heart rate pattern after the test and during the delivery, as well as a higher probability of a CS from cardiotocography (CTG) indications, with positive predictive value (PPV) 0.50 and negative predictive value (NPV) 0.85.
Keywords: cardiotocography; cesarean section; fetal heart rate; oxytocin challenge test; pregnancy.